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1、省略、倒装、强调一.简单句的省略.1.在口语中--Howisyourmothertoday?--(Sheis)Muchbetter.(Isthere)Anythingwrong?省略2.在祈使句中,一般省略主语.(You)Openthedoor,please.(I)Thankyouverymuch.注:某些时候,当听话的对象要特别说明时,可将这个称呼写出来.Comehere,Jack.Youcomehere,Jack.4.特殊疑问句中的省略.1)----Idon'tknowifIshouldtakethedigitalcamerawithme.----Whynot?(=W
2、hydon'tyoutakethedigitalcamera?)2)----Whocandoit?----Lucy,Ithink.(Lucycandoit,Ithink.)3)----Whichcountrydidyougotolastsummer?----Britain.(IwenttoBritainlastsummer5.感叹句中的省略.Whata(good)boy(heis)!How(hard)theyareworking!6.在名词所有格修饰的名词若表示店铺,住宅,教堂或上下文已暗示或明确指出过的事物中Athermother’s(house)shepassedma
3、nyhappydays.Imethimatthedoctors’(clinic).7.动词不定式的省略a.为避免重复,常省略上文已提到的动词原形,只保留不定式中的小品词to:这类动词有:expect,forget,hope,intend,mean,prefer,refuse,try,want,wish,wouldlike,like和love等.如:Sheaskedmetodancewithher,butIdidn’twantto(dancewithher).--Willyougowithme?--Well,I’dliketo(gowithyou).b.在haveto,ne
4、ed,oughtto,begoingto,usedto等后省略动词.如:Ireallydidn’twanttogotherewithhim,butIhadto(gotherewithhim).c.在某些形容词delighted,glad,happy,pleased等后省略to后面的动词.如:----Willyoujoininourdiscussion?—I’llbegladto(joininyourdiscussion).d.若不定式中带有be,have等,常保留be,have.--Areyouateacher?—No,butIusedtobe(ateacher).Joh
5、ndidn’tcome,butheoughttohave(come).e.使役动词have,let,make和感官动词feel,see,watch,notice,lookat,hear,listento等后面的不定式做宾语补足语时,省略to,但被动语态中要加上.Hehadtwoboyswashhiscar.Shesawhimwalkintothehouse.Hewasseentowalkintothehouse.二、使用替代词的省略1.通常情况下,在省略了某个词、短语或句子时,还需要用某个替代词。常用的替代词有:dodoesdid,so,not,neither,nor
6、和thesame等.用助动词dodoesdid来替代上文中出现的动词,以免重复。如:ShespeaksEnglishmorefluentlythanhereldersisterdoes.2.用so,not或其他手段来省略上文中的一部分或整个句子,作believe,beafraid,expect,do,fear,hope,suppose,say,think等的宾语。1)----CanEmilydothiswork?----Ithinkso.----Ithinknot./Idon'tthinkso.(这也是宾语从句中的省略)注:guess,hope,beafraid的否定
7、式只有一种,即:Iguessnot.Ihopenot.Iamafraidnot.2)----Didyouknowanythingaboutit?----Notuntilyoutoldme.(你告诉了我,才知道.)3)Hehasgone.Nooneknowswhere(hehasgone).3.代词的替代省略三、并列句中的省略1.后面分句中与前面相同的部分常被省略。如:Shewaspoorbut(shewas)honest.Bobhasdonehishomework,butTomhasn’t(donehishomework).2