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1、Biomoteriok18(1997)657-66501997PublishedbyElsevierScienceLimitedPrintedinGreatBritain.AllrightsreservedELSEVIERPIISO142-9612(96)00156-l0142-9612/97/$17.00Invitrocalcifiedtendoncollagen:anatomicforceandscanningelectronmicroscopyinvestigationA.Bigi,M.Gandolfi,
2、N.RoveriandG.Valdr6*DepartmentofChemistryG.Ciamician,UniversityofBologna,40126Bologna,Italy;*INFAd,CentreforElectronMicroscopyc/oDepartmentofPhysics,UniversityofBologna,Bologna,ltalyAtomicforcemicroscopy(AFM),scanningelectronmicroscopyandX-rayenergydispersiv
3、espectro-scopyhavebeenperformedondecalcifiedturkeytendonssubmittedtoinvitrocalcificationinordertoinvestigatethemorphologyandthesurfacerelationshipsbetweentheinorganicphaseandthecollagenfibresduringdepositionandcomparewiththosefoundforphysiologicallycalcified
4、samples.TappingmodeAFMwasusedtoreducetheverticalforceappliedtothesamples,whichwereexaminedwithoutanypreparation.AfurthercharacterizationhasbeencarriedoutbymeansofX-raydiffraction,infraredabsorptionandchemicalanalyses.Theobservationsindicatethattheinorganicph
5、asedepositedoncollagenfibresduringinvitrocalcificationispoorlycrystallineBcarbonatedapatite.Thecomposition,structureanddimensionsofapatiticcrystallites,aswellastheirorientationwithrespecttocollagenfibrils,areverysimilartothosecharacteristicofphysiologicallyc
6、alcifiedtissues.However,thecrystal-litesseemtobenucleatedonthefibrilsurface,withoutappreciablyaffectingthemolecularpackingofcollagen.01997PublishedbyElsevierScienceLimited.AllrightsreservedKeywords:Collagenfibrils,biomineralization,AFM,SEM,X-raydiffractionRe
7、ceived12March1996;accepted24August1996Thestructuralrelationshipbetweeninorganicpatternofunstainedcalcifiedcollagenfibres5andtodepositsandcollagenfibrilsincalcifiedtissueshasthesmallangleX-raydiffractionreflectionscharacter-beenwidelyinvestigatedusingelectron
8、microscopyisticofcollagenDperiodicity15.andX-raydiffractiontechniques’-4.Inbones,Recently,scanningtunellingmicroscopy(STEM)andcalcifiedtendonsandmanyothercalcifiedtissues,atomicforcemicroscopy(A
