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1、PHYSICALREVIEWB77,1151362008Photoluminescencemodificationbyahigh-orderphotonicbandwithabnormaldispersioninZnOinverseopalHeesoNoh,MichaelScharrer,MarkA.Anderson,RobertP.H.Chang,andHuiCaoMaterialsResearchInstitute,NorthwesternUniversity,Evanston,Illinois6
2、0208,USAReceived25October2007;revisedmanuscriptreceived17January2008;published27March2008Wemeasuredtheangle-andpolarization-resolvedreßectionandphotoluminescencespectraofZnOinverseopals.SigniÞcantenhancementofspontaneousemissionisobserved.Theenhancedem
3、issionnotonlyhasgooddirectionalitybutcanalsobelinearlypolarized.Adetailedtheoreticalanalysisandnumericalsimulationrevealthatsuchenhancementiscausedbytheabnormaldispersionofahigh-orderphotonicband.Thefrozenmodeatastationaryinßectionpointofadispersioncurve
4、canstronglymodifytheintensity,directionality,andpolarizationofspontaneousemission.DOI:10.1103/PhysRevB.77.115136PACSnumbers:42.70.Qs,42.25.Fx,78.55.m,78.40.qI.INTRODUCTIONefÞciencyofincidentlightintotheslowmodeisverylow.Tosolvethisproblem,FigotinandV
5、itebskiyproposedtousePhotoniccrystalsPhCshavebeenextensivelystudiedthephotonicmodeatthestationaryinßectionpointofadis-forcontrolofspontaneousemission.TheÞrstproposalbypersioncurveofaphotonicband.46,47SuchamodehasbothYablonovitch1in1987utilizedacomplete
6、photonicbandgapd/dk0andd2/dk20.Itiscalledafrozenmode.PBGinathree-dimensional3DPhC,whichwasrealizedWhentheincidentlightisinresonancewithafrozenmode,in2004byOgawaetal.2Comparedtoone-dimensionalandthevanishinggroupvelocityisoffsetbythedivergingelec-
7、two-dimensionalPhCs,the3DPhChastheutmostcontroloftromagneticenergydensity.TheenergyßuxinsidethePhCislight-matterinteractions.However,itismuchmoredifÞcultÞniteandcomparabletotheincidentßux.Hence,theinci-tofabricate3DPhCs,especiallywiththetop-downap-dentli
8、ghtcanbecompletelyconvertedtothefrozenmodeproach.Analternativeapproachbasedonself-assemblyat-insteadofbeingreßected.Ouraimistoemploytheuniquetractsmuchattentionduetoeaseoffabrication.Suchapropertiesofafrozenmodeina3DPhCtot