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1、谓语受主语支配,须和主语在人称上保持一致,这就叫做主谓语一致。语法上一致,意义上一致和就近一致是主谓语一致问题的三原则。一、主语是复数,谓语动词用单数1.国名、人名、书名和组织机构等专用名词作主语,形式上是复数谓语动词用单数TheUnitedStatesofAmericaisoneofthemostdevelopedcountriesintheworld.TheUnitedNationswasfoundedin1945.His"selectedpoems"wasfirstpublishedin1965・At
2、hens(雅典)isacity,(thecapitalofGreece)2.表示时间、金钱、距离和重量的复数名词作主语时,通常被看作是整体,谓语动词用单数。Twohoursisnotlongenoughforthistest.TwoUSdollarsisagoodenoughpriceforthisbook.Sixmilesisquiteadistance・若侧重一个一个的个体,则谓语动词用复数。Twentyyearshavepassedsincehewassenttoprison.3.凡以・ics结尾表示
3、科学名称的名词作主语,谓语动词用单数。Politicsisnnowtaughtinallschools・Physicswashermajor.(专修棵)4.Moneandahalf4-复数名词”作主语时,谓语动词用复数。OneandahalfdaysareallIcanspare・1.有些用来表示有两个相同部分连成一体的名词作主语,谓语动词通常用复数。如;glasses,trousers,compasses,scissors,spectacles,shoes,clothes,chopsticks等。Thes
4、cissorsaresharp.Thetrousersareshortforme.但如果用akindof,apairof,aseriesof谓语动词的单复数有单位名词的单复数决定。Thereisapairofcompassesonthetable.Therearetwopairsofcompassesonthetable・二、主语是单数谓语动词用复数1.有些集体名词形式为单数,但意义为复数。如:cattle,police,people,militia等。Thecattlearegrazing.Traffic
5、policearealwaysverybusy.Allthepeopleoftheworlddesirepeace・但people用作民族时,谓语动词用单数。TheChineseisagreatpeople・2有些以-sh,-ese,-ch结尾的表示国家,民族的形容词与the连用时,表示复数含义,谓语动词用复数。TheEnglishliketobewiththeirfamilyatChristmas.TheChinesearekindandfriendly.当上述形容词用于语言时,谓语动词用单数。Frenc
6、hisspokeninmanycountries.3.某些形容词前加:the表示一类人,其意义为复数。如:thepoor,therich,theold,theyoung,thesick,thedead,thebrave,thedeafanddumb,theoppressed,theinjured,thewounded,theunemployed等。Theoldaretakengoodcareof.Therichgetricherandthepoorgetpoorerinmanycountries.三、主语是
7、复数,谓语动词依情况而定1.有些集体名词作主语时,若作为一个整体看待,谓语动词用单数;若表示全体成员时,谓语动词用复数。如:family,class,group,team,enemy,audienee,club,committee,company等。HisfamilyhasboughtacolourTVset.ThefamilywerewatchingTVwhenherunclecamein.TheclassisinthechargeofMrLi.TheclassaretakingnotesinEnglis
8、h.2.一些表示部分概念或不定数量的名词作主语,形式为单数,但谓语动词的单复数应根据of后的名词的单复数而定。如:half,most,therest,some,part等。Halfofthemoneyisyours・thechildrenaregirls.Mostofthemilkissour(酸).theorangesaresour.Twentyofofthemaregirls・areboys.HalfofMo