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1、E.M.Forster,TheArtofFictionNo.1InterviewedbyP.N.Furbank&F.J.H.Haskell“ThatisnotallofArcticSummer—thereisalmosthalfasmuchofitagain—butthat’sallIwanttoreadbecausenowitgoesoff,oratleastIthinkso,andIdonotwantmyvoicetogooutintotheairwhilemyheartissinking.Itwillbemor
2、einterestingtoconsiderwhattheproblemsbeforemewere,andwhyIwasunlikelytosolvethem.Ishouldliketodothis,thoughitmayinvolveusalittleinfictiontechnicalities...”SosaidE.M.Forster,addressinganaudienceattheAldeburghFestivalof1951.Hehadbeenreadingpartofanunfinishednovelc
3、alledArcticSummer.Attheendofthereading,hewentontoexplainwhyhehadnotfinishedthenovel,whichledhimtomentionwhathecalled“fictiontechnicalities.”FollowinguponMr.Forster’sAldeburghremarks,wehavetriedtorecordhisviewsonsuchmattersashegavetheminaninterviewatKing’sColleg
4、e,Cambridge,ontheeveningofJune20,1952.Aspaciousandhigh-ceilingedroom,furnishedintheEdwardiantaste.One’sattentioniscaughtbyamassivecarvedwoodenmantelpieceofelaboratestructureholdingbluechinainitsniches.Large,gilt-framedportrait-drawingsonthewalls(hisThorntonance
5、storsandothers),aTurnerbyhisgreat-uncle,andsomemodernpictures.Booksofallsorts,handsomeandotherwise,inEnglishandFrench;armchairsdeckedinlittleshawls;apiano,asolitaireboard,andtheboxofazoetrope;profusionofopenedletters;slippersneatlyarrangedinwastepaperbasket.Inr
6、eadingwhatfollows,thereadermustimagineMr.Forster’smanner,whichthoughofextremeamenityisafirmone:precise,yetnonethelesselusive,administeringaseriesoftinysurprises.Hemakesaperpetualslightdisplacementoftheexpectedemphasis.Hishabitwastoanswerourquestionsbybriefstate
7、ments,followedbydecorativeasides,oftenofgreatinterest,butverydifficulttoreproduce.INTERVIEWERTobeginwith,mayweaskyouagain,whydidyouneverfinishArcticSummer?E.M.FORSTERIhavereallyansweredthisquestionintheforewordIwroteforthereading.Thecrucialpassagewasthis:“...wh
8、ethertheseproblemsaresolvedornot,thereremainsastillgraverone.Whatisgoingtohappen?Ihadgotmyantithesisallright,theantithesisbetweenthecivilizedman,whohopesforanarcticsummerinw
