资源描述：
《plc英文资料和中文翻译》由会员上传分享，免费在线阅读，更多相关内容在教育资源-天天文库。
1、1PLC英文资料1.1MotivationProgrammableLogicControllers(PLC),acomputingdeviceinventedbyRichardE.Morleyin1968,havebeenwidelyusedinindustryincludingmanufacturingsystems,transportationsystems,chemicalprocessfacilities,andmanyothers.Atthattime,thePLCreplacedthehardwiredlogicwit
2、hsoft-wiredlogicorso-calledrelayladderlogic(RLL),aprogramminglanguagevisuallyresemblingthehardwiredlogic,andreducedtherebytheconfigurationtimefrom6monthsdownto6days[MoodyandMorley,1999].AlthoughPCbasedcontrolhasstartedtocomeintoplace,PLCbasedcontrolwillremainthetechni
3、quetowhichthemajorityofindustrialapplicationswilladhereduetoitshigherperformance,lowerprice,andsuperiorreliabilityinharshenvironments.Moreover,accordingtoastudyonthePLCmarketofFrostandSullivan[1995],anincreaseoftheannualsalesvolumeto15millionPLCsperyearwiththehardware
4、valueofmorethan8billionUSdollarshasbeenpredicted,thoughthepricesofcomputinghardwareissteadilydropping.TheinventorofthePLC,RichardEMorley,fairlyconsidersthePLCmarketasa5-billionindustryatthepresenttime.ThoughPLCsarewidelyusedinindustrialpractice,theprogrammingofPLCbase
5、dcontrolsystemsisstillverymuchrelyingontrial-and-error.Alikesoftwareengineering,PLCsoftwaredesignisfacingthesoftwaredilemmaorcrisisinasimilarway.Morleyhimselfemphasizedthisaspectmostforcefullybyindicating[MoodyandMorley,1999,p.110]:`Ifhouseswerebuiltlikesoftwareprojec
6、ts,asinglewoodpeckercoulddestroycivilization.”Particularly,practicalproblemsinPLCprogrammingaretoeliminatesoftwarebugsandtoreducethemaintenancecostsofoldladderlogicprograms.ThoughthehardwarecostsofPLCsaredroppingcontinuously,reducingthescantimeoftheladderlogicisstilla
7、nissueinindustrysothatlow-costPLCscanbeused.Ingeneral,theproductivityingeneratingPLCisfarbehindcomparedtootherdomains,forinstance,VLSIdesign,whereefficientcomputeraideddesigntoolsareinpractice.ExistentsoftwareengineeringmethodologiesarenotnecessarilyapplicabletothePLC
8、basedsoftwaredesignbecausePLC-programmingrequiresasimultaneousconsiderationofhardwareandsoftware.Thesoftwaredesignbecomes,th
