资源描述：
《研究生英语阅读教程(基础级2版)课文04及其翻译》由会员上传分享，免费在线阅读，更多相关内容在教育资源-天天文库。
1、TheTransformationofMarriage婚姻的变迁ByStephenBertmantrans-:across;form:(1)n.fillinaform;(2)vt.[1]Tobesure,oursisnotthefirsttimeinmodernhistorywheneffortshavebeenmadetoredefinetraditionalmarriage.Thecommunal"groupmarriages"ofthe1960sandtheindividualistic"openma
2、rriages"ofthe1970seachchallengedthenotion(concept)ofanonnegotiablecontractbetweenonewomanandoneman.Thefrequencyofcohabitation,whetherasapreludetoorasasubstitute(n./vt.)foraceremonywithlegalforce,hasfurtherundermined(weakened)theconceptofwedlock(marriage)as
3、adiscrete(separate)anddistinctive(different)state[maritalstatus:(1)single;(2)married;(3)separate;(4)divorced].Allofthesechallenges,however,wereorarepredicateduponarelationshipthatisheterosexual,fashionedupon(imitate/copy)theAdam-and-Evetemplate.Themostrece
4、ntandradicalchallengetotraditionalmarriage,however,rejectsthisreligioustemplate.Same-SexMarriage:ActionandReaction(Response)[2]Inspired(Encouraged)bytheactivism(women’sliberationmovement/civilrightmovement)inthe1960sthatsecuredpoliticalandeconomicrightsfor
5、blacksandwomen,Americangaysandlesbiansmobilizedtoend(stop)whattheyviewedasthediscriminatorypracticeofgranting(giving)marriagelicensesonlytoheterosexualcouples.AslawprofessorWilliamN.EskridgeJr.(junior-senior;juniorhighschool)hasstated(said)inhisbook,TheCas
6、eforSame-SexMarriage(FreePress,1996):"Marriageisthemostimportantrightthestate(thegovernmentoftheUS)hastooffer,inpart(partially)becausebeingmarriedentailsdozensofassociatedrights,benefits,andobligations(responsibility)understateandfederallaw."Thesepertainto
7、suchmattersasparenthood,propertyownership,guardianship,andinheritance.[beobligedtodosth./sth.pertaintosb.][3]OutsidetheUnitedStates,however,effortstolegitimizesame-sexmarriagehavemetwith(achieve)moresuccess.In2001theNetherlands(Dutch)becamethefirstnationin
8、theworldtoprovidecivil[<->military]marriageceremoniesforhomosexualcouples.In2003,Belgiumfollowedsuit(imitated).Andin2002and2003,courtsinthreeCanadianProvincesruled(vt.)thatthe[deny:vt.~(deprive)sb.ofsth.)deni
