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1、构词法，词形转换（编辑整理byLuna）英语中最常见的构词法：「合成法：由两个或两个以上的词合成新词r前缀：加在单词前的词缀Y派生法：YI后缀：加在单词后的词缀J转化法：1•由一种词类转化为另一种词类一合成词A由两个或两个以上的词合成新词，前一个词起修饰后一个词的作用。B合成词有的有连字符连接，有的不用。C合成词的词义通常能从单词表面看出来。合成词的构成：1.复合名词名词+名词形容词+名词形容词+分词动词+名词副词+名词动词+副词basketballbedroomhighwaybIackboardgood-1ookingpIaygroundovercoatbrea
2、k-in闯入get-together聚会2.复合动词名词+动词形容词+动词副词+动词babysitsIeepwaIkwhitewash粉刷overcome克月艮3.复合形容词名词+形容词形容词+名词形容词+名词+ed形容词+形容词数词+名词数词+名词+形容词名词+过去分词worIdwidefull-timepart-timewhite~hairedbIack-white灰白的four-hourfive-year-oIdian-made副词+现在分词副词+过去分词4.复合代词5.复合副词形容词+名词sometimesfar-seeing有远见的weII-known著
3、名白勺everyonesomebodynothing动词+动词介词+副词副词+名词副词+副词maybeforeverupstairsdownstairswhole-heartedly二派生词★前缀1.一般情况，加前缀只改变词义，不改变词性dis-否定，相反，除去disagree,disadvantage,disappear,dishonestun-不，非，表否定unhappy,unpIeasant,uncomfortabIein,ir,im-表否定increase,irregular,impossiblemis-表否定（误，错，恶）mistake,misunder
4、standnon表否定non-stopinter-相互，交互，在一起internet,interview,internationaIre-又，再，重新return,review,rewrite,repeatmid-中mid~night,mid~autumn2.能改变词性和词义的前缀a-向里，离开，加强asIeep,aside,aIong,en-使成为（加在形容词，名词前构成动词）enjoy,enable（使能够）★后缀一般改变词性-►变名词1.变表示职业的名词⑴+er构成的新词与原词词义有联系farmerwaiterrunnercleanerrobberworke
5、rplayerownerwinnerteacherreporterforeignerengineersingerdancerlistenerwriterphotographerreaderspeakerprogrammerleaderinterviewer面试者;会见者;采访者villagermanager注：cooker炊具waiter男服务员actor男演员waitress女月艮务员actress女演员⑵+ordoctorvisitoractorconductorinventordirectortranslatorprofessormonitoroperato
6、rdonor捐贈者，［医］供血者，输血者(3)+ianmusicianlibrarlanveterinarian/vetsrfneorbn/兽医(国籍；国人；语言)AustralianCanadianIndianBrazilianAmerican(4)+istartistpianistviolinistscientistpsychologistdentisttouristjournalistspecialistterrorist/'terorist/恐怖主义者；恐怖主义的optometrist/optomstnst/验光师，视力测定者(5)+manpostmanf
7、ishermanfiremanmilkmanEnglishmanFrenchman(6)+ingshoppingbeginningcrossingwarninggreeting1.变表示抽象名词(1)+ion/tion/sion/ationinventionassociationpermissioninformatloncollectlonsolutionattentioninvitationpronunelationdiscussioncongratulationdirectionpollutlondescriptionsuggestlonsituationdo
8、natio
