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1、我搏Z理2尊2016届毕业（设计）论文英文翻译12建筑工程01班1201050118肖永锋资源与土木工程学院专业班级学号学生姓名指导教师学院名称2016年6月1日原文LIReinforcedConcretePlainconcreteisformedfromahardenedmixtureofcement.water.fineaggregate,coarseaggregate(crushedstoneorgravel),air,andoftenotheradmixtures.Theplasticmixisplacedandconsolidatedinth
2、eformwork,thencuredtofacilitatetheaccelerationofthechemicalhydrationreactionIfthecement/watermix,resultinginhardenedconcrete.Thefinishedproducthashighcompressivestrength,andlowresistancetotension,suchthatitstensilestrengthisapproximatelyonetenthIfitscompressivestrength.Consequen
3、tly,tensileandshearreinforcementinthetensileregionsofsectionshastobeprovidedtocompensatefortheweaktensionregionsinthereinforcedconcreteelement.Itisthisdeviationinthecompositionofareinforcesconcretesectionfromthehomogeneityofstandardwoodorsteelsectionsthatrequiresamodifiedapproac
4、htothebasicprinciplesofstructuraldesign.Thetwocomponentsoftheheterogeneousreinforcedconcretesectionaretobesoarrangedandproportionedthatoptimaluseismadeofthematerialsinvolved.Thisispossiblebecauseconcretecaneasilybegivenanydesiredshapebyplacingandcompactingthewetmixtureoftheconst
5、ituentingredientsareproperlyproportioned,thefinishedproductbecomesstrong,durable,and,incombinationwiththereinforcingbars,adaptableforuseasmainmembersofanystructuralsystem.Thetechniquesnecessaryforplacingconcretedependonthetypeofmembertobecast:thatis,whetheritisacolumn,abean,awal
6、l,aslab,afoundation,amasscolumns,oranextensionofpreviouslyplacedandhardenedconcrete・Forbeams,columns,andwalls,theformsshouldbewelloiledaftercleaningthem,andthereinforcementshouldbeclearedofrustandotherharmfulmaterials.Infoundations,theearthshouldbecompactedandthoroughlymoistened
7、toabout6in.indepthtoavoidabsorptionofthemoisturepresentinthewetconcrete.Concreteshouldalwaysbeplacedinhorizontallayerswhicharecompactedbymeansofhighfrequencypower-drivenvibratorsofeithertheimmersionorexternaltype,asthecaserequires,unlessitisplacedbypumping.Itmustbekeptinmind,how
8、ever,thatovervibrationcanbeharmfulsinceitcouldc
