托福分类词汇--地理地质天文生态等

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1、托福分类词汇地理类geographer地理学家hemisphere半球meridian子午线，经线parallel平行圈，纬线latitude经度longitude精度elevation海拔altitude高度temperatelatitudes温带地区horizon地平线equator赤道tropics热带地区Arctic北极Antarctic(Antarctica)南极expedition探险timezone时区topography地形，地形学plain平原plateau(highland)高地lowland低地basi

2、n盆地cavern(cave)洞穴terrain地域subterranean(underground)地底下coastland沿海地区island岛屿continentalisland大陆岛volcanicisland火山岛coralisland珊瑚岛islet小岛peninsular半岛continent大陆continentalshelf人陆架ranges山脉valley峡谷canyon峡谷channel(strait)海峡remote-sensing遥感的terrestrial地球的，陆地的terrestrialhea

3、t(geothermal)地热terrestrialmagnetism(geomagnetism)土也磁continentaldrift大陆漂移学说sea-floorspreading海床扩展evaporation蒸发salinity含盐度oceanbottom海床sediment沉淀物，沉积物tropical热带的temperate温带的frigid寒带的formation形成frostheaving冻胀现彖fieldstone卵石地质类geology地质学geologist地质学家crust地壳mantle地幔core地

4、核continentalcrust大陆地壳oceaniccrust海洋地壳layer(stratumr复数strata)地层plate板块fault断层faultplane断层面faultzone断层带rift(crack；split)断裂disintegration(decomposition)分仰军erosion腐蚀fossil化石igneousrock火成岩sedimentaryrock沉积岩metamorphicrock变质岩quartz石英limestone石灰岩marble大理石granite花岗岩lithoge

5、nous岩成的lithosphere岩石圈magma岩浆mineral矿物ore矿石deposit矿床platinum白金，钳silver银copper黄铜aluminum铝tin锡lead铅zinc锌nickel鎳mercury汞，水银sodium钠gem宝石diamond钻石emerald绿宝石ruby红宝石glacier冰川glacial冰川的glacialepoch(age,period)冰川期glacialdrift冰渍icebergJ/Klllvolcano火山activevolcano活火山extinctvol

6、cano夕匕火山dormantvolcano休眠火山eruption火山喷发crater火山口lava火山岩浆volcanic火山的volcanicdust火山尘volcanicash火，山灰earthquake(quake；tremor；seism)地震seismic地震的seismology地震学magnitude震级seismicwave地震波cataclysm灾变天文类astronomy天文学astronomical天文的astronomicalobservatory天文台astronomer天文学家astrophy

7、sics天文物理学astrology占星学pseudoscience伪科学cosmos(universe)宇宙cosmology宇宙学infinite无限的cosmic宇宙的cosmicradiation宇宙辐射cosmicrays宇宙射线celestial天的celestialbody(heavenlybody)天体celestialmap(skyatlas)天体图celestialsphere天球dwarf(dwarfstar)矮星quasar类星体，类星射电源constellation星座galaxy(MilkyWay

8、)新河系cluster星团solarsystemA阳系solarcoronaH冕solareclipse日食solarradiation太阳辐射planet行星planetoid(asteroid)小行星revolve旋转，绕转twinkle闪烁nakedeye肉眼Mercury水星Ven