地理地质学 托福听力分类词汇.doc

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1、地理地质学词汇radiate辐射molecule分子coal煤drilling钻井gashydrate天然气水合物tidal潮汐的mud泥gravity重力front锋（指冷热空气团交汇线）gulf海湾airmasse气团ozone臭氧albedo星体反照率geysers间歇泉eject喷出avalanche雪崩crust地壳hemisphere半球fumarole火山区的喷气孔carbondioxide二氧化碳mantle地幔meridian子午线/经线core地核parallel平行圈continentalcrust大陆地壳lati

2、tude纬线oceaniccrust海洋地壳longitude经线/经度layer/stratum地层elevation海拔stratigraphy地层学altitude高度/海拔fault断层horizon地平线faultplane断层面equator赤道faultzone断层带temperaturelatitudes温带地区rift/crack/split断裂tropics热带地区disintegration/decomposition分解Arctic/theNorthPole北极6erosion腐蚀Antarctic/Antarc

3、tica南极fossil化石theAntarcticContinent南极洲igneousrock火成岩theAntarcticCircle南极圈sedimentaryrock沉积岩theArcticCircle北极圈metamorphicrock变质岩aurora极光limestone石灰岩tropicsofCancer北回归线granite花岗岩tropicsofCapricorn南回归线marble大理石internationaldateline国际日期变更线lithosphere岩石圈timedifference时差magma/

4、moltenlava岩浆timezone时区quartz石英topography地形/地形学mineral矿物plain平原ore矿石plateau/highland高地deposit矿床lowland低地rubble碎石basin盆地debris残骸oasis绿洲platinum白金/铂金enclave飞地silver银peak／summit山峰copper黄铜cordillera/ranges山脉aluminum铝carven/cave洞穴tin锡terrain地域6lead铅subterranean地底下zinc锌coastlan

5、d沿海地区nickel镍coastline海岸线mercury汞/水银watershed分水岭sodium钠upperreaches上游gem宝石lowerreaches下游diamond钻石tributary支流emerald绿宝石deposit沉积ruby红宝石spring/fountain泉水glacier冰川iceberg冰山glacial冰川的riverbed河床glacialepoch/age/period冰川期gulf/bay海湾glacialdrift冰渍waterfall瀑布moraines冰碛cascade小瀑布；喷

6、流iceberg冰山reef暗礁volcano火山tide湖水activevolcano活火山torrent水的急流extinctvolcano死火山tropicalrainforest热带雨林dormantvolcano休眠火山continentalisland大陆岛(sloping)shieldvolcano盾状火山（平缓）volcanicisland火山岛(steep-sided)conevolcano锥状火山（陡峭）coralisland珊瑚岛eruption火山喷发islet小岛crater火山口peninsular半岛6ca

7、ldera（开口较大的）火山口archipelago群岛depression洼地，凹陷处；盆地delta三角洲lava火山岩浆landlockedarea内陆volcanicdust火山尘inlandwaterway内陆河volcanicash火山灰subcontinent次大陆geyser间歇喷泉cliff山崖hotspring温泉valley山谷earthquake/quake/tremor/seism地震hillside/mountainslope山坡seismic地震的continentalshelf大陆架seismology地

8、震学canyon/gorge峡谷magnitude震级channel/strait海峡seismicintensityscale震烈度remote-sensing遥感的seismicwave地震波terre