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1、Cross-culturalCommunicationlWhatisculture？1.asystemofmeaning1)Cultureislikeaniceberg(objectiveandsubjective)2)Cultureisoursoftware(fadeintothebackground,justknowthatwecanbe)3)Cultureislikethewaterafishswimsin(apartofwhoweareandwhattheworlditlikeforus,taken
2、forgranted)4)Cultureisthestorywetellourselvesaboutourselves(toshowwhoweareandwhattheworldislike)5)Cultureisthegrammarofourbehavior(rulestobehaveappropriately)--Cultureisthetotalaccumulationofbeliefs,customs,values,behaviors,institutionsandcommunicationpatt
3、ernsthatareshared,learnedandpasseddownthroughthegenerationsinanidentifiablegroupofpeople.--Asparticipants,wearemeaningmakers--Culturesarealwayschanging2.Fourlevelsofcross-culturalawareness1)Culturaldifferencesareexotic2)Culturaldifferencesarefrustrating3)T
4、hedifferentcultureisbelievable4)Thedifferentcultureisbelievableaslivedexperience*P31*(adiagram!)lStereotype1.Definition:Ageneralizationthatgoesbeyondtheexistingevidence,aninaccurateorovergeneralization,isastereotype.2.Negativestereotypes--Ageneralizationth
5、atgoesbeyondtheexistingevidence,aninaccurateorovergeneralization,isastereotype.(positivevs.negative)--Prejudice:stereotypesincludingnegativefeelingsandattitudestowardagroupForms:1)severeprejudice(e.g.Womenareinferiortomen.)2)symbolicprejudice(e.g.Peoplefro
6、mXinjiangarethieves.)3)tokenism4)subtleprejudice5)reallikesanddislikes6)preferenceforthefamiliar3.Differences:1)Stereotyping:Astereotypeisanoverlysimplified/generalizedwayofthinkingaboutaperson,group,etc.Anyonecanstereotypeandcanbethetargetofstereotyping.S
7、tereotypingisacomplexformofcategorizationthatmentallyorganizesyourexperiencesandguidesyourbehaviortowardaparticulargroupofpeople.1)Prejudice:Prejudicereferstotheirrationaldislike,suspicion,orhatredofaparticulargroup,race,religion,orsexualorientation.Learne
8、dbeliefsandvaluesthatleadanindividualorgroupofindividualstobebiasedfororagainstmembersofparticulargroupsarepriortoactualexperienceofthosegroups.2)Relationsbetweenthem:BothareastumblingblocktoICC.Prejudiceusua
