rock mech chap2第2章 基础力学

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1、Chapter2TheFundamentalofElasticMechanicsforceOutsideforceInternalforcestressnormalstressshearstressThesignofthestressspotstressstateStresstensorStressinvariantsanddeviatoricstressMohr'sstresscircleStrainandstraintensorElasticmoduliandPoisson’sratioporoelasticityforceOuts

2、ideforceInternalforceOutsideforce:surfaceforce(pointforceanddistributionforce),bodyforce.PpointforcedistributionforcebodyforceActoneverymasspointofthemassbody,socalledQualityforce.AsGravity,ElectromagneticforceInternalforcereactionforceofoutsideforceEqualbutOppositedirec

3、tionstressnormalstressshearstressThesignofthestressstressCrosssectionRelationbetweenactiveforceandactivesurfaceisanyorientation.Ifactiveforcepointstowardsnormalsurface,itisnormalforce,otherwiseitisshearforce,pointingtowardstangentialsurface.Compressivestress+Tensionstres

4、s_ThesignofthestresspositivenegativeShearstress--Shearstress+XYcounterclockwiseclockwiseDividednormalstressandshearstressAstressstateis：[]={x,y,z,xy,yz,zx}R=R/AzyxxyzxspotstressstateUnitbodymatrixyyzyxzzxzyxxzxyspotstressstatexyzStresstensorStres

5、stensorStresstensorStressinvariantsanddeviatoricstressInrockmechanics,weregulate:123As1standforthemaximumprincipalstress,3standfortheminimumprincipalstress,2intermediateprincipalstress.Mohr'sstresscircleMohr'sstresscircleisatooltoanalyzethetwo-dimensionspotstress

6、state.Wewillmainlyintroducethemohr'sstresscircleundertwo-dimensionstressstate,that’stosaytheplanestressstate.Mohr'sstresscircle2112Mohr'sstresscircleangleStrainandstraintensorStrainandstraintensorElasticmoduliandPoisson’sratiothree-dimensionporoelasticityHowtodesc

7、ribetherock?groundandUndergroundWhataboutthefluidintheporeis?HowtointeractbetweenthewaterandtheRockmatrix?VolumedecreaseParticleVolumedecreaseWaterVolumeincreaseEffectivestressPorepressureBiotCoefficientRockisakindofsolidbodywithitsmechanicsresidingsolidbodymechanics.Sol

8、idbodyisakindofcontinuousmediuminmacroscopicstate.Butmassofrockcontainlotsofcleavage裂缝,faultage（断层）inst