TheoriesofInternationalMigration-國立臺灣大學国际移民理论國立臺灣大學

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1、TheoriesofInternationalMigrationWhataresocialtheories?Socialtheoriesconceptualizecausalprocessesofsocialphenomenon.TheoriesofInternationalMigrationconceptualizecausalprocessesofhowinternationalmigrationis“initiated”and“maintained”or“perpetuated”.TheInitiationofInternation

2、alMigrationWhydoesinternationalmigrationbegin?Differenttheoriesreflectdifferentresearchobjectives,focuses,interests.TheoreticalApproachLevelofAnalysisAssumptionsNeoclassical(macro)CountryMigrationasaresultoflabormarketgapsbetweencountriesNeoclassicaleconomics(micro)Indivi

3、dualIndividualrationalactorsdecidetomigratebecauseacost-benefitcalculation.NewEconomicsHouseholdIndividualmigrantsareinfluencedbyhouseholdasacollectiveactorineconomicsurvivalDualLaborMarketStructural(Internal)StructuraldemandsofdevelopedcountriesWorldsystemstheoryStructur

4、al(International)MarketandculturalpenetrationfromthecoretoperipheralsNeoclassicalEconomics:CombiningMacroandMicroPropositions:Internationalmigrationstemsfrominternationaldifferentialsinwagesandopportunities.(macro-level)Tomaximizetheirhumancapitalreturn,individualswhocanh

5、avehigherreturntohumancapitalinreceivingcountriesaremorelikelytomoveinternationallythanothers.Whenthecostofmigrationislower,thepossibilityforpotentialmigrantstomoveishigher.2+3explainsthedifferentialmigrationdecisionsbetweenindividualswithinthesamesendingcountry.TheNewEco

6、nomicsofMigrationProposition:Migrationdecisionsarenotmadebyisolatedindividualactors,butbylargerunitsofrelatedpeople,typicallyfamiliesorhouseholds,notonlytomaximizetheirincomebutalsotominimizerisksandconstraints.DualLaborMarketTheory(I):PointofDeparturePointofdeparturefrom

7、neoclassicalandneweconomics:neoclassicalandneweconomicsanalyzemicro-leveldecisions,duallabormarkettheoryarguesthatinternationalmigrationstemsfromintrinsiclabordemandsofmodernindustrialsocieties.Maindifference:Neoclassicalandneweconomicsfocusonthesupplyofmigrantsandthedual

8、labormarkettheorystressesthedemandofreceivingcountries.DualLaborMarketTheory(II)Propositions:Peo