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1、解析高考英语阅读中的长难句一、判断下列句子是简单句、并列句还是主从复合句(1)Wetookpityonthepeopleinthedisaster-hitareainYushuandmanystudentsraisedmoneyforthem.(2)Havingsufferedanumberofhealthproblems,formerOlympicPresidentSamaranchdiedonApril21inBarcelona.(3)TheInternetisanexcitingtoolthat
2、notonlyputsvastinformationatyourfingertipsbutexpandsoptions.二、长难句阅读法:结构分析法:明晰句子结构,把握句子的基本框架。A.判断该句是简单句、并列句还是复合句;B.找出句子的主干成分(主语和谓语),分清句子附属成分,理解句子大意。C.层层分析,层层剥离句子较长,一个从句套着另一个从句,环环相扣。不管句子有多长有多复杂,它只由两部分构成,即主干和修饰成分。主干是整个句子的骨架,主要指主谓宾结构或主系表结构。而修饰成分在句中只起修饰或补充主干
3、的作用,它既可以是单词,也可以是短语,更常见的则是从句,尤其是定语从句和状语从句。我们应通过仔细分析,将每个修饰成分划出来,找出句子的主干,这样整个句子结构就清晰了。三、长难句之分门别类篇1.带有较多成分的简单句:去枝叶,留主干。SchoolsacrossChinaareexpectedtohire50,000collegegraduatesthisyearasshort-termteachers,almostthreetimesthenumberhiredlastyear,tohelpreduceu
4、nemploymentpressures.(2009江苏)2.含有多个从句的复合句:找从属连词,分析从句,理解句意。Whereasawoman’sclosestfemalefriendmightbethefirsttotellhertoleaveafailingmarriage,itwasn’tunusualtohearamansaythathedidn’tknowthathisfriend’smarriagewasinserioustroubleuntilheappearedonenightaski
5、ngifhecouldsleeponthesofa.并列和主从复合句并存的处理方法——先读懂并列句,再看主从复合句IfyouaskpeopletonameonepersonwhohadthegreatesteffectontheEnglishlanguage,youwillgetanswerslike“Shakespeare”,“SamuelJohnson”,and“Webster”,butnoneofthesemenhadanyeffectatallcomparedtoamanwhodidn’tev
6、enspeakEnglish—William,theConqueror.3.含有插入语的句子:忽略插入成分,直奔句子主题.10这种句子的特点是在正常的句子中插入一些或长或短的成分或句子,比如同位语(从句)、非限制性定语从句、状语从句、分词、插入语等等,打断读者的思路,割裂前后之间的语义,造成理解上的困难。我们称之为“打岔”。有时有逗号或破折号分开,Thelackofrightmale(男性的)rolemodelsinmanyoftheirlives—athomeandparticularlyinthe
7、schoolenvironment(环境)—meansthattheirpeersaretheonlypeopletheyhavetojudgethemselvesagainst.(2008辽宁卷C篇) Sciencehasbecomesoimportantinthemodernworld,withitsproceduressohighlystandardizedandsowidelyaccepted,thatitisincludedamongmodernsocialinstitutions.4.成
8、分省略:把握大意,找出上文对应信息,补充省略成分Themagazineismale-targetingbecauseyoungguysgenerallywon’tpickupamagazinethatappearstobedirectedatfemales,whereasgirlsusuallywill.5.倒装句:确定主语,调整语序,把握大意.Before1066,inthelandwenowcallGreatBritainlivedpeoplesbe