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1、第九章微流控分析芯片Doyouknow?Biochip生物芯片Lab-on-a-Chip芯片实验室LabchipMicrofluidicChip微流控芯片MicroTotalAnalysisSystem(MicroTAS,TAS)微全分析系统Researchintominiaturizationisprimarilydrivenbytheneedtoreducecostsbyreducingtheconsumptionofexpensivereagentsandbyincreasingthroughputandautomation.Forexample,mostareawareofthe
2、increasingcostofhealthcare,driveninpartbythecostofimplementingthelatestdiagnosticassays.Theseassays,whichareusuallyperformedinmicrotiterplatesthatconsumehundredsofmicrolitersofreagents,wouldbenefitfromtheuseofmicrofabricatedarraysofnanolitervolumevials.Byreducingreagentconsumptionbyafactorof103–10
3、4,thesedevicescouldprovidedramaticsavingsfortherepetitiveassaysoftenperformedindiagnosticlaboratories.Whyminiaturization?Anal.Chem.2000,72,330A-335AInthesamewaythatintegratedcircuitsallowedfortheminiaturizationofcomputersfromthesizeofaroomtothesizeofanotebook,miniaturizationhasthepotentialtoshrink
4、aroomfullofinstrumentsintoacompactlab-on-a-chip.Anal.Chem.2000,72,330A-335A尺寸效应(cm→100m)尺寸1/100分子扩散时间1/10,000(1h→0.36s)体积1/1,000,000试剂用量1t→1g,ml→nl传热速度1500oC/s由此将带来:方法上的变革理论上的突破还有巨大的经济和社会效益阵列芯片微流控芯片微流控分析芯片微流控分析芯片目的是通过化学分析设备的微型化与集成化,最大限度地把分析实验室的功能转移到便携的芯片中。微流控分析芯片通过微机电加工技术把整个实验室的功能,包括采样、稀释、加试剂、反应、
5、分离、检测等集成在几平方厘米的微流控芯片上,且可多次使用,因而极大地减少了样品和分析试剂的用量,降低了分析的成本,加快了分析的速度,具有广泛的适用性。参考文献D.Figeys,D.Pinto,Lab-on-a-Chip:ARevolutioninBiologicalandMedicalSciences,AnalyticalChemistry,2000,72,330AD.R.Reyes,D.Iossifidis,P.A.Auroux,A.Manz,MicroTotalAnalysisSystems.1.Introduction,Theory,andTechnology,AnalyticalC
6、hemistry,2002,74,2623P.A.Auroux,D.Iossifidis,D.R.Reyes,A.Manz,MicroTotalAnalysisSystems.2.AnalyticalStandardOperationsandApplications,AnalyticalChemistry,2002,74,2637T.Vilkner,D.Janasek,A.Manz,MicroTotalAnalysisSystems.RecentDevelopments,AnalyticalChemistry,2004,76,3373马立人,蒋中华,生物芯片,化学工业出版社,北京,2002
7、方肇伦,微流控分析芯片,科学出版社,北京,2003目录9-1发展历史9-2相关理论9-2-1基本概念9-2-2理论描述和模拟9-3基础技术9-3-1微制造9-3-2界面和连接9-3-3流体控制9-4单元操作9-4-1样品制备9-4-2注射9-4-3流体和颗粒操作9-4-4反应器和混合器9-4-5分离9-4-6检测9-5应用9-5-1细胞培养和操作9-5-2免疫分析和临床检验9-5-3蛋白质分析9-5-4核酸分析目录9-1