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1、JosephHeller1923--1999JosephHellerJosephHellerwasborninBrooklynin1923.HeservedasanAirForcebombardierinWorldWarIIandenjoyedalongcareerasawriterandateacher.Hisbest-sellingbooksincludeSomethingHappened,GoodasGold,PictureThis,GodKnows,andClosingTime,buthisfirstnovel
2、,Catch-22,remainshismostfamousandacclaimedwork.HediedofaheartattackinDecember1999.Catch-22PlotoverviewCharactersThemesSymbolsPlotoverviewDuringthesecondhalfofWorldWarII,asoldiernamedYossarianisstationedwithhisAirForcesquadronontheislandofPianosa,neartheItalianco
3、astintheMediterraneanSea.Yossarianandhisfriendsendureanightmarish,absurdexistencedefinedbybureaucracyandviolence:theyareinhumanresourcesintheeyesoftheirblindlyambitioussuperiorofficers.Thesquadronisthrownthoughtlesslyintobrutalcombatsituationsandbombingrunsinwhi
4、chitismoreimportantforthesquadronmemberstocapturegoodaerialphotographsofexplosionsthantodestroytheirtargets.Theircolonelscontinuallyraisethenumberofmissionsthattheyarerequiredtoflybeforebeingsenthome,sothatnooneiseversenthome.Still,noonebutYossarianseemstorealiz
5、ethatthereisawargoingon;everyonethinksheiscrazywhenheinsiststhatmillionsofpeoplearetryingtokillhim.Yossarian'sstoryformsthecoreofthenovel,somosteventsarerefractedthroughhispointofview.Yossariantakesthewholewarpersonally:unswayedbynationalidealsorabstractprincipl
6、es,Yossarianisfuriousthathislifeisinconstantdangerthroughnofaultofhisown.Hehasastrongdesiretoliveandisdeterminedtobeimmortalordietrying.Asaresult,hespendsagreatdealofhistimeinthehospital,fakingvariousillnessesinordertoavoidthewar.Asthenovelprogressesthroughitslo
7、oselyconnectedseriesofrecurringstoriesandanecdotes,YossarianiscontinuallytroubledbyhismemoryofSnowden,asoldierwhodiedinhisarmsonamissionwhenYossarianlostalldesiretoparticipateinthewar.Yossarianisplacedinridiculous,absurd,desperate,andtragiccircumstances—heseesfr
8、iendsdieanddisappear,hissquadrongetbombedbyitsownmessofficer,andcolonelsandgeneralsvolunteertheirmenforthemostperilousbattleinordertoenhancetheirownreputations.Catch-
