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1、定语从句复习在复合句中修饰名词和代词的从句叫做定语从句.被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫做先行词.引导定语从句的关系代词有who,whose,whom,which,that,as;引导定语从句的关系副词有when,where,why;关系代词在定语从句中做主语,宾语,定语.关系副词在定语从句中做状语.一.由who,引导的定语从句,who在从句中做主语(口语中也可做宾语),修饰表示人的先行词.例如:Thisisthemanwhohelpedme.Doyouknowthecomradewhospokejustnow?Theboywho//
2、whomwesawyesterdayisJohn’sbrother.二.whom引导的定语从句,whom在从句中作宾语,修饰表示人的先行词,口语中可以省略.Thedoctor(whom)youarelookingforisintheroom.Theperson(whom)youjusttalkedtoisMr.Li.=ThepersontowhomyoujusttalkedisMr.Li.(介词后whom不能省略)Thebabieswhomthenursesarelookingforareveryhealthy.(固定短语中的介词
3、一般不省略,介词仍放在动词之后)三.whose引导的定语从句,whose在从句中作定语,修饰表示人或物的先行词.DoyouknowthewomanwhosenameisMary.Passmethedictionarywhosecoverisblack.四.that引导的定语从句,that在从句中做主语或宾语,修饰表示人或物的先行词,作宾语时可省略,不能放在介词后面作宾语.Theletter(that//which)Ireceivedwasfrommyfather.Ican’tfindtheletterthat//whichcame
4、thismorning.Doyoustillrememberthedays(that//which)wespenttogether?Thisisthemanthat//whohelpedme.Thehouse(that//which)weliveinisnotlarge.=Thehouseinwhichweliveisnotlarge.Thedoctor(that//whom//who)youarelookingforisintheroom.五.which引导的定语从句,which在从句中做主语,也可做宾语,或介词的宾语,修饰表示
5、物的先行词.先行词可以是词、短语、句子。Thisisthebook(which/that)youwant.Thebuildingwhich//thatstandsneartheriverisourschool.Theroominwhichthereisamachineisaworkshop.(介词后面的which不能省略)Thehouse(which/that)weliveinisnotlarge.Thisisthewatch(which/that)hewaslookingfor.(在含有介词的动词固定词组中,介词只能放在动词之后
6、,不能放在which之前)六、that和which都可以修饰表示物的先行词,但是下列情况只能用that.①.先行词为不定冠词all,few,little,much,everything,nothing等.All(that)youhavetodoistopractiseeveryday.Thereisn’tmuch(that)Icando.②.先行词被序数词或形容词的最高级所修饰时.Thefirstlesson(that)Ilearnedwillneverbeforgotten.Thisisthebestfilm(that)Ihav
7、eeverseen.①.先行词被all,any,every,few,little,no,some等不定代词修饰时.Ihavereadallthebooks(that)yougaveme.②.先行词被theonly,thevery,thelast,thesame等修饰时.ThewhitefloweristheonlyonethatIreallylike.ThisistheverybookthatIwanttoread.ThisisthesamebookthatIwanttoread.(同一本书)--Thisisthesamebook
8、asIwanttoread.③.当主句以who或which开头的特殊疑问句时,定语从句that引导.Whoisthemanthatisstandingthere?Whichofusthatknowssomethingaboutphysicsdoes
