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1、494320EJT19310.1177/1354066113494320EuropeanJournalofInternationalRelationsMearsheimerandWaltEJIRArticleEuropeanJournalofInternationalRelationsLeavingtheorybehind:Why19(3)427–457©TheAuthor(s)2013simplistichypothesistestingReprintsandpermissions:sagepub.co.uk/journals
2、Permissions.navisbadforInternationalDOI:10.1177/1354066113494320ejt.sagepub.comRelationsJohnJ.MearsheimerUniversityofChicago,USAStephenM.WaltHarvardUniversity,USAAbstractTheorycreatingandhypothesistestingarebothcriticalcomponentsofsocialscience,buttheformerisultimate
3、lymoreimportant.Yet,inrecentyears,InternationalRelationsscholarshavedevotedlessefforttocreatingandrefiningtheoriesorusingtheorytoguideempiricalresearch.Instead,theyincreasinglyfocuson‘simplistichypothesistesting,’whichemphasizesdiscoveringwell-verifiedempiricalregula
4、rities.Privilegingsimplistichypothesistestingisamistake,however,becauseinsufficientattentiontotheoryleadstomisspecifiedempiricalmodelsormisleadingmeasuresofkeyconcepts.Inaddition,thepoorqualityofmuchofthedatainInternationalRelationsmakesitlesslikelythattheseeffortswi
5、llproducecumulativeknowledge.Thisshiftawayfromtheoryandtowardsimplistichypothesistestingreflectsalong-standingdesiretoprofessionalizeandexpandtheInternationalRelationsfieldaswellastheshort-termcareerincentivesofindividualscholars.Thistendencyisalsowideningthegapbetwe
6、entheivorytowerandtherealworld,makingInternationalRelationsscholarshiplessusefultopolicymakersandconcernedcitizens.Unfortunately,thistrendislikelytocontinueunlessthereisacollectivedecisiontoalterprevailingacademicincentives.Keywordscumulativeknowledge,hypothesistesti
7、ng,methodology,policy-relevance,professionalnorms,scientificrealism,theoryCorrespondingauthor:JohnJ.Mearsheimer,PoliticalScienceDepartment,UniversityofChicago,5828S.UniversityAvenue,Chicago,IL60637,USA.Email:j-mearsheimer@uchicago.edu428EuropeanJournalofInternational
8、Relations19(3)IntroductionTheoryisthelodestoneinthefieldofInternationalRelations(IR).Itstheoristsarethefield’smostfamousandprestigi
