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1、浪漫主义时期的诗歌和散文PoetryandEssaysintheRomanticAgeTheliterarymovementcalledRomanticismrepresentedarenewalofprogressivethoughtandemotion(liberal,freeandopen-handed),whichhadexistedbeforethe1700sandwhichhadnevertotallydiedout.WhileRomanticisminthe1800ssignaledanewmood(afeelingoremotion
2、heldbyalargenumberofpeopleatatime当时许多人的一种共同的情绪),theworldhadwitnessedearlierculturalmovementsthatalsomeritthenameRomanticism.Specifically,theancientGreekepics（古代希腊史诗）canbecalledRomantic,ascanmuchliteratureoftheMedievalPeriodandoftheRenaissance,orElizabethanAge.Allthesewritings-
3、--andthewritingsof8theEnglishRomanticAgeunderstudyhere---emphasizehumanadventure,passion,delight,loveofsplendor,ofextravagance,andofthesupernatural.TheRomantictraditioninalltheseperiodscanbeviewedincontrasttoanothermainliterarytradition---Classicismorneoclassicism.Thependulumo
4、fliterarytasteseemstoswingbetweenthetwotraditions.Nowlet’shavealookandexaminethefollowinglists,whichcontrastelements,outlooks,andconcernsassociatedwiththeneoclassicismofthe1700sandtheRomanticismoftheearly1800s.Keepinmindalsothatalthoughearlierliteraryperiodscanindeedbeseenasty
5、picallyRomantic,theperioddiscussedhere(1798-1837)isconsideredtheRomanticAge.NeoclassicalRomantic8TraditionexperimentsocietyIndividualUrbanruralArtificialNaturelovingIntellect,reasonImagination,emotionPublicPrivate,subjectiveLogical,solidMysterious,supernaturalaristocraticcommo
6、nCultivatedprimitiveConformistindependentconstraintspontaneityFormaldictionNaturaldictionThreenotablepoetsofthe1700s---ThomasGray,WilliamBlake,andRobertBurns---wereinmanyrespectsas“romantic”asanypoetsoftheRomanticAge,buttheworkofthesethreewasisolated.Whydid8Englishliteraturech
7、angeitsviewsandphilosophies,itsaimsandsubjectmatter,sodecisivelyatjusttheturnofthecentury?Certainly,thehistoricalissuesanddevelopmentsofthetimeplayedamajorroleinprovokingandshapingthenewliterarymovementofRomanticism（诱发并造就）:Onecritichassaid,“TheFrenchRevolutionandNapoleonmadeac
8、leansweep（大获全胜）;afterthemitwasnolongerpossibletothink,act,orw
