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1、ModernfurnitureModernfurniturereferstofurnitureproducedfromthelate19thcenturythroughthepresentthatisinfluencedbymodernism.Itwasatremendousdeparturefromallfurnituredesignthathadgonebeforeit.Darkorgildedcarvedwoodandrichlypatternedfabricsgavewaytotheglittering
2、simplicityandgeometryofpolishedmetal.Theformsoffurnitureevolvedfromvisuallyheavytovisuallylight.InfluencesPriortothemodernistdesignmovementtherewasanemphasisonfurnitureasornament,thelengthoftimeapiecetooktocreatewasoftenameasureofitsvalueanddesirability.Duri
3、ngthefirsthalfofthe20thCenturyanewphilosophyemergedshiftingtheemphasistofunctionandaccessibility.Westerndesigngenerally,whetherarchitecturalordesignoffurniturehadformillenniasoughttoconveyanideaoflineage,aconnectionwithtraditionandhistory.Themodernmovementso
4、ughtnewness,originality,technicalinnovation,andultimatelythemessagethatitconveyedspokeofthepresentandthefuture,ratherthanofwhathadgonebeforeit.Modernistdesignseemstohaveevolvedoutofacombinationofinfluences:Technicallyinnovativematerialsandmanufacturingmethod
5、s,thenewphilosophiesthatemergedfromtheWerkbundandtheBauhausSchool,fromexoticforeigninfluences,fromArtNouveauandfromthetremendouscreativityoftheartistsanddesignersofthatera.MaterialsTheuseofnewmaterials,suchassteelinitsmanyforms;moldedplywood,suchasthatusedby
6、CharlesandRayEames;andofcourseplastics,wereformativeinthecreationofthesenewdesigns.Theywouldhavebeenconsideredpioneering,evenshockingincontrasttowhatcamebefore.Thisinterestinnewandinnovativematerialsandmethods-producedacertainblendingofthedisciplinesoftechno
7、logyandart.AndthisbecameaworkingphilosophyamongthemembersoftheDeutscherWerkbund.TheWerkbundwasagovernmentsponsoredorganizationtopromoteGermanartanddesignaroundtheworld.ManyofthoseinvolvedwithitincludingMiesvanDerRohe,LillyReichandothers,werelaterinvolvedinth
8、eBauhausSchool,andsoitisnotsurprisingperhapsthattheBauhausSchooltookonthemantleofthisphilosophy.Theyevolvedaparticularinterestinusingthesenewmaterialsinsuchawaythattheymightbemassproducedandther
