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1、Downloadedfromhttp://rsif.royalsocietypublishing.org/onAugust11,2018J.R.Soc.Interfacedoi:10.1098/rsif.2012.0107PublishedonlineApatite-formingabilityoftitaniumintermsofpHoftheexposedsolutionDeepakK.Pattanayak1,SeijiYamaguchi1,TomiharuMatsushita1,TakashiNakamura2andTadashiKokubo1,*1Gra
2、duateSchoolofBiomedicalSciences,ChubuUniversity,1200Matsumoto-cho,Kasugai487-8501,Japan2KyotoMedicalCenter,NationalHospitalOrganisation,1-1,FukakusaMukaihata-cho,Fushimi-ku,Kyoto612-8555,JapanInordertoelucidatethemainfactorgoverningthecapacityforapatiteformationoftitanium(Ti),Tiwasex
3、posedtoHClorNaOHsolutionswithdifferentpHvaluesrangingfromapproximately0to14andthenheat-treatedat6008C.Apatiteformedonthemetalsurfaceinasimulatedbodyfluid,whenTiwasexposedtosolutionswithapHlessthan1.1orhigherthan13.6,whilenoapatiteformeduponexposuretosolutionswithanintermediatepHvalue.
4、TheapatiteformationonTiexposedtostronglyacidicoralkalinesolutionsisattributedtothemagnitudeofthepositiveornegativesurfacecharge,respectively,whiletheabsenceofapatiteformationatanintermediatepHisattributedtoitsneutralsurfacecharge.Theposi-tiveornegativesurfacechargewasproducedbytheeff
5、ectofeithertheacidicoralkalineionsonTi,respectively.ItispredictedfromthepresentresultsthatthebonebondingofTidependsuponthepHofthesolutiontowhichitisexposed,i.e.Tiformsabone-likeapatiteonitssurfaceinthelivingbodyandbondstolivingbonethroughtheapatitelayeruponheattreatmentafterexposuret
6、oastronglyacidicoralkalinesolution.Keywords:titanium;NaOHorHCltreatments;apatite-formingability;simulatedbodyfluid;zetapotential;X-rayphotoelectronspectroscopy1.INTRODUCTIONWepreviouslyreportedthatTianditsalloysspon-taneouslytightlybondtolivingbonewhensoakedinTitanium(Ti)anditsalloysa
7、rewidelyusedinvariousNaOHsolutionandthensubjectedtoheattreatmenttypesofimplantsinorthopaedicanddentalfields,[22–24].ThesetreatmentshavebeenappliedtoabecauseoftheirgoodbiocompatibilityandhighporousTimetallayerofanartificialhipjoint,andmechanicalstrength[1].Itisreportedthattheycouldthere
8、sultingbioac
