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1、UnderstandingtheRoleofEvidenceinPolicyMakinginBangladeshReport1:AnAnalysisofInterviewswithHealthSectorDecisionMakersPartof:Bridgingtheknow-dogap:strategiestoenhancethecapacitytoapplyhealthpolicyandsystemsresearchintoevidence-informedpolicymakinginBangladeshFrom:ICDDR,BKoehlmoosT,RashidM,RahmanZ,C
2、raviotoA,andHanneyS15August2009INTRODUCTIONInthefirstphaseoftheproject,Bridgingtheknow-dogap:strategiestoenhancethecapacitytoapplyhealthpolicyandsystemsresearchintoevidence-informedpolicymakinginBangladesh,theobjectiveoftheICDDR,Bteamwastoassesstheamountofengagementbetweenresearchers,policymakers
3、andotherkeystakeholdersinBangladeshandexplorehowfarthereceptorroleshavebeenestablished,toreceiveanduseresearchfindings.Manyfactorsaffectthepolicymakingprocess:political,economicandsocialfactorsallaffecthowpoliciesaremade,andwhomakesthem,atalllevels,globalandnational.Figure1,whichwasoriginallycrea
4、tedbytheEPPICentre(UniversityofLondon),presentsoneviewofthesmallrolethatresearchevidencecanplayinthecomplexsetofcompetingfactorssuchasresources,lobbygroups,valuesandpoliticaljudgements,whichdeterminepolicymaking.Goodpolicyenvironmentsandstronggovernancesystemsstrengthenthepolicymakers’abilitytofa
5、cilitateandimplementuniform,universalpolicies(WHOAHPSR,2007).Policymakingprocessesarecomplicatedprocesseswheretherearemany‘actors’ateachstage.Civilsocietygroupsandmediaaremostlikelytobeinvolvedattheagenda-settingstage,andworkwithacademicorresearchinstitutionsattheformulationstage,drawingfromtheir
6、ownexperienceorresearch.Nationalgovernmentsdependontheflowoffundsandprioritysettingbybothlocalandinternationaldonors.Figure2presentsamorecomplexconceptualmodelofthepluralityofstakeholdersandinfluencestotheprocessasdescribedpreviously.Evidenceisusedinpolicymakingprocessesdependingonhowopenthepolic
7、ymakingis,andthepowerofthedifferentactors.Policymakersmaychoosetomakelimitedornouseofevidenceformanyreasons,suchaslackofsupportfromelites,strongoppositionfrompowerfulgovernments,andlackofresourcestoimplementthesuggeste
