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1、FeministCriticism女性主义批评（女权主义批评）By李珍玲1.Definition2.Historicaldevelopment3.Geographicalstrainsoffeminism(Genres)4.Conclusion1.DefinitionFeministcriticismisaliterarycriticisminformedbyfeministtheory,orbythepoliticsoffeminismmorebroadly.Inthemostgeneralandsimpleterms,feministliterarycriticismbef
2、orethe1970s—inthefirstandsecondwavesoffeminism—wasconcernedwiththepoliticsofwomen'sauthorshipandtherepresentationofwomen'sconditionwithinliterature.Sincethedevelopmentofmorecomplexconceptionsofgenderandsubjectivityandthethirdwave-feminism,feministliterarycriticismhastakenavarietyofnewroutes.
3、2.HistoricalDevelopmentAccordingtofeministcriticism,therootsofprejudiceagainstwomenhavelongbeenembeddedinWesternculture.a.Suchgenderdiscriminationmayhavebegun,saysomefeminists,withthebiblicalnarrativethatplacestheblameforthefallofhumanityonEve,notAdam.b.ThentheancientGreeks.Aristotle-“themal
4、eisbynaturesuperior,andthefemaleinferior;andtheonerulesandtheotherisruled.”.c.InTheDescentofMan(1871),Darwinannouncesthatwomenareofa“characteristicof[…]apastandlowerstateofcivilization”.……d.Inthelate1700s,afaintvoicecryinginthewildernessinoppositiontosuchpatriarchalanddefamingopinionsagainst
5、womenaroseandbegantobeheard.Believingthatwomenalongwithmenshouldhaveavoiceinthepublicarena,MaryWollstonecraftauthoredAVindicationoftheRightsofWomen(1792)(《女权辩》).Women,shemaintained,muststandupfortheirrightsandnotallowtheirmale-dominatedsocietytodefinewhatitmeanstobeawoman.e.Butitwasnotuntilt
6、heProgressiveEraoftheearly1900s,however,thatthemajorrootsoffeministcriticismbegantogrow.f.VirginiaWoolfandSimonedeBeauvoir(thefirst-wavefeministcriticism)In1919,theBritishscholarandteacherVirginiaWoolf(1882-1941)laidthefoundationforpresent-dayfeministcriticisminherseminalworkARoomofOne’sOwn《
7、自己的房间》.(storyaboutShakespeare'ssister)Withthe1949publicationofTheSecondSex《第二性》bytheFrenchwriterSimonedeBeauvoir(1908-1986),however,feministinterestswereonceagainsurfacing.(thefoundationworkoftwentieth-centuryfeminism)g.KateMillett,Feminismin1960sa
