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1、458ACRITICALHISTORYFeministCriticismandJaneEyreWHATISFEMINISTCRITICISM?Feministcriticismcomesinmanyforms,andfeministcriticshaveavarietyofgoals.Somehavebeeninterestedinrediscoveringtheworksofwomenwritersoverlookedbyamasculine-dominatedculture.Othershaverevisitedbooksbymaleauth
2、orsandreviewedthemfromawoman'spointofviewtounderstandhowtheybothreflectandshapetheattitudesthathaveheldwomenback.Anumberofcontemporaryfeministshaveturnedtotopicsasvariousaswomeninpostcolonialso-cieties,women'sautobiographicalwritings,lesbiansandliterature,womanlinessasmasquer
3、ade,andtheroleoffilmandotherpopularmediaintheconstructionofthefemininegender.Untilafewyearsago,however,feministthoughttendedtobeclassifiednotaccordingtotopicbut,rather,accordingtocountryoforigin.Thispracticereflectedthefactthat,duringthe1970sandearly1980s,French,American,andB
4、ritishfeministswrotefromsomewhatdifferentperspectives.Frenchfeministstendedtofocustheirattentiononlanguage,ana-lyzingthewaysinwhichmeaningisproduced.Theyconcludedthatlanguageaswecommonlythinkofitisadecidedlymalerealm.Drawing46046lWHATISFEMINISTCRITICISM-ontheideasofthepsychoa
5、nalyticphilosopherJacquesLacan,theyFEMINISTCRITICISMremindedusthatlanguageisarealmofpublicdiscourse.Achildentersing.Afeministlanguagethatrefusestoparticipatein"masculine"dis-thelinguisticrealmjustasitcomestograspitsseparatenessfromitscourse,thatplacesitsnatureentirelyinafemin
6、ine,semioticdiscourse,mother,justaboutthetimethatboysidentifywiththeirfather,therisksbeingpoliticallymarginalizedbymen.Thatistosay,itrisksbeingfamilyrepresentativeofculture.Thelanguagelearnedreflectsabinaryrelegatedtotheoutskirts(punintended)ofwhatisconsideredsociallylogictha
7、topposessuchtermsasactive/passive,masculine/feminine,andpoliticallysignificant.sun/moon,father/mother,head/heart,son/daughter,intelligent/Kristeva,whoassociatedfemininewritingwiththefemalebody,wassensitive,brother/sister,form/matter,phallus/vagina,reason/emotion.joinedinhervi
8、ewsbyotherleadingFrenchfeminists.HeieneCixous,Becausethislogictendst
