西方经济学术语

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1、Adverseselection逆向选择Agent代理人Arrow’simpossibilitytheorem阿罗不可能定理Averagefixedcost平均固定成本Averagerevenue平均收益Averagetaxrate平均税率Averagetotalcost平均总成本Averagevariablecost平均可变成本arcelasticity弧弹性Arrow'simpossibilitytheorem阿罗不可能定理Assumption假设asymmetricinformation非对称性信息Budgetconstrain

2、t预算约束Budgetdeficit预算赤字Budgetsurplus预算盈余Businesscycle经济周期Capital资产Cartel卡特尔Coasetheorem科斯定理Collusion共谋Competitivemarket竞争性市场Complements互补性商品Constantreturnstoscale规模报酬不变Consumersurplus消费者剩余Cost成本Cross-priceelasticityofdemand需求的交叉价格弹性capitalstock资本存量cardinalutilitytheory基数

3、效用论ceterispuribusassumption“其他条件不变”的假设changeindemand需求变化changeinquantitydemanded需求量变化changeinquantitysupplied供给量变化changeinsupply供给变化Cobb—Douglasproductionfunction柯布--道格拉斯生产函数cobwebmodel蛛网模型comparativestaticanalysis比较静态分析compensatedbudgetline补偿预算线compensateddemandfunctio

4、n补偿需求函数compensationprinciples补偿原则competition竞争competitivemarket竞争性市场completeinformation完全信息completeness完备性conditionforefficiencyinexchange交换的最优条件conditionforefficiencyinproduction生产的最优条件constantcostindustry成本不变产业consumerequilibrium消费者均衡consumerpreference消费者偏好consumption

5、combination消费组合contractcurve契约曲线costfunction成本函数Cournotequilihrium古诺均衡Cournotmodel古诺模型Deadweightloss无谓损失Demandcurve需求曲线Demandschedule需求表Diminishingmarginalproduct边际产品递减Diseconomiesofscale规模不经济Dominantstrategy占优策略decreasingcostindustry成本递减产业decreasingreturnstoscale规模报酬递减

6、demandfunction需求函数demandprice需求价格depreciation折旧derivedemand派生需求diminishingmarginalsubstitution边际替代率递减diminishingmarginalreturn收益递减diminishingmarginalutility边际效用递减disequilibrium非均衡durablegoods耐用品dynamicanalysis动态分析dynamicmodels动态模型Economicprofit经济利润Economics经济学Economieso

7、fscale规模经济Efficiency效率Efficientscale有效规模Elasticity弹性Equilibrium均衡Equilibriumprice均衡价格Equilibriumquantity均衡数量Equity平等Excludability排他性Explicitcosts显性成本Externality外部性Economicagents经济行为者economicman经济人economicmode经济模型economicprofit经济利润economicregionofproduction生产的经济区域economi

8、crent经济租金exchangecontractcurve交换契约曲线Edgeworthboxdiagram埃奇沃思图Edgeworthcontractcurve埃奇沃思契约线endogenousvariable内生变