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2、5017InsightRegulationoffloweringtime:asplicybusinessRainer MelzerSchoolofBiologyandEnvironmentalScience,UniversityCollegeDublin,Dublin,Irelandrainer.melzer@ucd.ieThemechanismsregulatingfloweringtimeatambi-andtheoccurrenceofspecificspliceformsiscorrelatedtoenttemperaturesarecontroversial.On
3、ehypothesisthegrowthtemperature(Balasubramanianet al.,2006;Poseascribesprominentrolestotwocompetingproteinet al.,2013).ThetwomajorspliceformsofFLMaredes-isoformsofFLOWERINGLOCUSM(FLM)whichareignatedFLM-βandFLM-δ(Scortecciet al.,2001).FLM-βproducedbyalternativesplicing.Now,Capovillaet al.ist
4、hepredominanttranscriptatlowertemperatures,whereas(2017)havedemonstratedthatalternativesplicingofFLM-δappearstobemoreenrichedathighertemperaturesFLMisindeedimportant,butthatcompetingprotein(Poseet al.,2013).TheFLM-βandFLM-δproteinsareisoformsareprobablyofmuchlesserrelevancethancapableofinte
5、ractingwithSVP.However,onlyFLM-βandoriginallythought.notFLM-δformsDNA-bindingcomplexeswithSVP(Poseet al.,2013).Inaddition,overexpressionofFLM-βresultedFewdecisionsinlifearemoreimportantthangettingtheinlateflowering,whereasoverexpressionofFLM-δledtotimeforreproductionright.Ifabadchoiceismade
6、onemayearlierfloweringincomparisontowild-typeplants(Posenotbeabletofindasuitablepartner,conditionsforproduc-et al.,2013).ingprogenymightbesuboptimalortheprogenymightbeThisgaverisetoanappealinghypothesis:theFLM-βandforcedtogrowupinanunsuitableenvironment.TopreventFLM-δproteinscompetewitheach
7、otherinbindingtoSVP.that,elaboratemechanismshaveevolvedinmanyspecies.InHowever,onlytheFLM-β/SVPcomplexiscapableofrepress-plants,theswitchfromvegetativetoreproductivedevelop-ingflowering,becauseFLM-δ/SVPlacksDNA-bindingmentiscontrolledbydozensofgenesintegratedinnumer-activity.Atlowertemperat
8、ures,FLM-β/SVPandSVP/SVPouswellknownpathways(SrikanthandSchmid,2011).complexespredominateandhencefloweringisrepressed.InHowever,itwasdiscoveredonlyrelativelyrecentlythatambi-contrast,withanincreaseintemperature,FLM-δbecomesenttemperatureplaysacriticalrol
