Personal Opinion Surveys

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1、Chapter3PersonalOpinionSurveysBarbaraA.KitchenhamandShariL.PfleegerAbstractAlthoughsurveysareanextremelycommonresearchmethod,survey-basedresearchisnotaneasyoption.Inthischapter,weuseexamplesofthreesoftwareengineeringsurveystoillustratetheadvantagesandpitfallsofusingsurveys.Wedis

2、cussthesixmostimportantstagesinsurvey-basedresearch:settingthesur-vey’sobjectives;selectingthemostappropriatesurveydesign;constructingthesurveyinstrument(concentratingonself-administeredquestionnaires);assessingthereliabilityandvalidityofthesurveyinstrument;administeringtheinstr

3、ument;and,finally,analysingthecollecteddata.Thischapterprovidesonlyanintroductiontosurvey-basedresearch;readersshouldconsultthereferencedliteratureformoredetailedadvice.1.IntroductionSurveysareprobablythemostcommonlyusedresearchmethodworldwide.Surveyworkisvisiblebecauseweareofte

4、naskedtoparticipateinsurveysinourprivatecapacity,aselectors,consumers,orserviceusers.Thiswidespreaduseofsurveysmaygivetheimpressionthatsurvey-basedresearchisstraightforward,aneasyoptionforresearcherstogatherimportantinformationaboutproducts,context,processes,workersandmore.Howev

5、er,inourexperiencethisisnotthecase.Inthischapter,wewilluseactualsurveyexamplestoillustratetheattractionsandpitfallsofthesurveytechnique.Thethreesurveyswewilluseasourexampleswillbediscussedinthenextsec-tion.Afterthatwewilldefinewhatwemeanbyasurvey.Thenwewilldiscussthemainactiviti

6、esthatneedtobeconsideredwhenyouundertakeasurvey:●Settingtheobjectives●Surveydesign●Developingthesurveyinstrument(i.e.thequestionnaire)●Evaluatingthesurveyinstrument●Obtainingvaliddata●Analysingthedata63F.Shulletal.(eds.),GuidetoAdvancedEmpiricalSoftwareEngineering.©Springer20086

7、4B.A.KitchenhamandS.L.Pfleeger2.ExampleSurveysInthissectionwedescribethreesoftwareengineeringsurveysthatwillbeusedasexamplesthroughoutthischapter.2.1.TechnologyEvaluationSurveyRecentlywewereinvolvedinfarfromsuccessfulsurvey.Afewyearsago,Zelkowitzetal.(1998)surveyedpractitionerst

8、odeterminetheirconfidenceindif-ferenttypesofemp