2004美国数学建模数学竞赛试题及翻译

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1、2004年美国大学生数学建模竞赛MCM试题　　2004MCMA:AreFingerprintsUnique?　指纹是独一无二的吗？　ItisacommonplacebeliefthatthethumbprintofeveryhumanwhohaseverlivedisdifferentDevelopandanalyzeamodelthatwillallowyoutoassesstheprobabilitythatthisistrueComparetheodds(thatyoufoundinthisproblem)ofmisi

2、dentificationbyfingerprintevidenceagainsttheoddsofmisidentificationbyDNAevidence人们普遍认为世界上每一个人的指纹都是不一样的，请设计一个模型，并且用模型分析以上说法正确地可能性，比较一下因为指纹相同导致确认身份时产生错误的可能性和因为DNA相同导致产生错误的可能性。　　2004MCMB:AFasterQuickPassSystem　更快的快通系统　“QuickPass”systemsareincreasinglyappearingtoreduce

3、people'stimewaitinginline,whetheritisattollbooths,amusementparks,orelsewhereConsiderthedesignofaQuickPasssystemforanamusementparkTheamusementparkhasexperimentedbyofferingQuickPassesforseveralpopularridesasatestTheideaisthatforcertainpopularridesyoucangotoakiosknea

4、rthatrideandinsertyourdailyparkentranceticket,andoutwillcomeaslipthatstatesthatyoucanreturntothatrideataspecifictimelaterForexample,youinsertyourdailyparkentranceticketat1:15pm,andtheQuickPassstatesthatyoucancomebackbetween3:30and4:30pmwhenyoucanuseyoursliptoentera

5、second,andpresumablymuchshorter,linethatwillgetyoutotheridefasterTopreventpeoplefromobtainingQuickPassesforseveralridesatonce,theQuickPassmachinesallowyoutohaveonlyoneactiveQuickPassatatimeYouhavebeenhiredasoneofseveralcompetingconsultantstoimprovetheoperationofQui

6、ckPassCustomershavebeencomplainingaboutsomeanomaliesinthetestsystemForexample,customersobservedthatinoneinstanceQuickPasseswerebeingofferedforareturntimeaslongas4hourslaterAshorttimelateronthesameride,theQuickPassesweregivenfortimesonlyanhourorsolaterInsomeinstance

7、s,thelinesforpeoplewithQuickpassesarenearlyaslongandslowastheregularlines　　TheproblemthenistoproposeandtestschemesforissuingQuickPassesinordertoincreasepeople'senjoymentoftheamusementparkPartoftheproblemistodeterminewhatcriteriatouseinevaluatingalternativeschemesI

8、ncludeinyourreportanon-technicalsummaryforamusementparkexecutiveswhomustchoosebetweenalternativesfromcompetingconsultants现在的快通系统在收费站、娱乐公园和其他的地方，正