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1、MAJORARTICLEMulticellularityandAntibioticResistanceinKlebsiellapneumoniaeGrownUnderBloodstream-MimickingFluidDynamicConditions11,a132MargaretM.Thornton,HangyulM.Chung-Esaki,CharleneB.Irvin,DavidM.Bortz,MichaelJ.Solomon,1andJohnG.YoungerDownloadedfrom12MichiganCriticalInjuryandIllne
2、ssResearchCenterandDepartmentofEmergencyMedicineandDepartmentofChemicalEngineering,Universityof3Michigan,AnnArbor;andDepartmentofAppliedMathematics,UniversityofColorado–BoulderBackground.Whiletheimportanceoffluiddynamicalconditionsiswellrecognizedinthegrowthofbiofilms,theirroleduring
3、bacteremiaisunknown.WeexaminedtheimpactofphysiologicalfluidshearforcesonthedevelopmentofmulticellularaggregatesofKlebsiellapneumoniae.http://jid.oxfordjournals.org/Methods.Wild-typeandO-antigenorcapsularmutantsofK.pneumoniaeweregrownasbrothcultureinaTaylor-Couetteflowcellconfiguredtop
4、rovidecontinuousshearforcescomparabletothoseencounteredinthehumanarterialcirculation(ie,ontheorderof1.0Pa).Thesizedistributionandantibioticresistanceofaggregatesformedinthisapparatusweredetermined,aswastheirabilitytopersistinthebloodstreamofmicefollowingintravenousinjection.Results
5、.Unlikegrowthinshakingflasks,bacteriagrowninthetestapparatusreadilyformedaggregates,apheno-typelargelyabsentincapsularmutantsandtoalesserdegreeinO-antigenmutants.Aggregateswerefoundtopersistinthebloodstreamofmice.Importantly,organismsgrownunderphysiologicalshearwerefoundtohaveananti
6、bioticatZhejiangUniversityonSeptember12,2012resistancephenotypeintermediatebetweenthatoffullyplanktonicandbiofilmstates.Conclusions.Whengrownunderintravascular-magnitudefluiddynamicconditions,K.pneumoniaespontaneouslydevelopsintomulticellularaggregatesthatarecapableofpersistinginthec
7、irculationandexhibitincreasedantibioticresistance.Bloodstreaminfectionsareafrequentclinicaloccur-biofilmformation,andsurfaceshedding,bloodstreamrence,withanannualincidenceinNorthAmericaofinfectionsshareanintuitivelinkwithbacteriagrowing1200casesper100000generalpopulation[1].Whileinm
8、ulticellularstructures.alm
