西方哲学术语英汉对照简表

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1、西方哲学术语英汉对照简表aprioria/posterioridistinction先验-后验的区分    abstractideas抽象理念    abstractobjects抽象客体    analysis分析    analytic/syntheticdistinction分析-综合的区分    autonomy自律    axioms公理    CategoricalImperative绝对命令    categories范畴    Categorymistake范畴错误    causation因果关系    cert

2、ainty确定性    chaostheory混沌理论    class总纲、类    clearnessanddistinctness清楚与明晰    cogitoergosum我思故我在    concept概念    consciousness意识    consent同意    consequentialism效果论    conservative保守的    consistency一致性，相容性    constructivism建构主义    contentsofconsciousness意识的内容    contin

3、gent/necessarydistinction偶然-必然的区分    contradiction矛盾（律）    conventionalism约定论    criterion准则，标准    critique批判，批评    Dasein此在，定在    deconstruction解构主义    deontology义务论    dialectic辩证法    didactic说教的    dualism二元论    egoism自我主义、利己主义    empiricism经验主义    Enlightenment启蒙运

4、动（思想）    essence本质    event事件、事变    evolutionaryepistemology进化认识论    explanation解释    fallibilism谬误论    fictionalentities虚构的实体    firstphilosophy第一哲学    formal形式的    foundationalism基础主义    freewillanddeterminism自由意志和决定论    function函项（功能）    good善    happiness幸福    hed

5、onism享乐主义    hermeneutics解释学（诠释学，释义学）    historicism历史论（历史主义）    holism整体论    idealism理念论    ideas理念    identity同一性    imagination想象力    immatericalsubstance非物质实体    immutable不变的、永恒的    individualism个人主义（个体主义）    induction归纳    inference推断    infiniteregress无限回归    in

6、tentionality意向性    irreducible不可还原的    logicalatomism逻辑原子主义    logicalpositivism逻辑实证主义    logomachy玩弄词藻的争论    materialism唯物论（唯物主义）    maxim箴言，格言    method方法    methodology方法论    model样式    modern现代的    naturalselection自然选择    necessary必然的    nominalism唯名论    nonEuclid

7、eangeometry非欧几里德几何    OckhamRazor奥卡姆剃刀    omnipotenceandomniscience全能和全知    ontology本体论（存有学）    paradox悖论    perception知觉    phenomenology现象学    picturetheoryofmeaning意义的图像说    pluralism多元论    polis城邦    possibleworld可能世界    postmodernism后现代主义    presupposition预设    p

8、rimaryandsecondaryqualities第一性的质和第二性的质    principleofnoncontradiction不矛盾律    proposition命题    rationalnumbers有理数    realnumb