动词的被动法-副本

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1、动词的被动法Therulesandusagesofthepassivevoiceofmainverbs完成进行时(PerfectProgressive)完成进行时(PerfectProgressive)有三种现在完成进行时have、hasbeendoing过去完成进行时had+been+doing将来完成进行时will+have+been+doing过去时态有五种一般过去时过去进行时过去完成时过去完成进行时过去将来时现在时态有三种一般现在时现在进行时现在完成时Voice语态也是动词的一种形式，表示主语（动作的发出者或动作的承受者）和谓语之间的关系。语态分两种形式：主动语态和被动语态。The

2、passivevoiceIfaverbisintheactivevoice,thepersonwhoperformstheactionisthesubjectoftheverb.Ifaverbisinthepassivevoice,thethingorpersonaffectedbytheactionisthesubjectoftheverb.被动语态的应用条件如何使用被动语态1.讲话者不知道动作的执行者或不必说出动作的执行者(这时可省by短语)。e.g.Mybikewasstolenlastnight.2.借助被动的动作突出动作的执行者。e.g.Iwasgiventenminutestode

3、cidewhetherIshouldaccepttheoffer.3.为了更好地安排句子。e.g.Thewell-knownpersongotonthebusandwasimmediatelyrecognizedbypeople.及物动词和不及物动词不及物动词没有被动语态。及物动词与不及物动词的区别从是否需要宾语来分，实义动词分为及物动词和不及物动词两类。1)及物动词后面必须跟宾语意义才完整的实义动词，叫做及物动词(transitiveverb)。如：Ibelievethatthecommitteewillconsideroursuggestion.“HowlongcanIkeeptheboo

4、k?”Harryasked.不及物动词2)不及物动词本身意义完整后面不须跟宾语的实义动词，叫做不及物动词(intransitiveverb)。如：Birdsfly.IthappenedinJune1932.Shespokeatthemeetingyesterdayevening.不及物动词及物动词vt.字典里词后标有vi.的就是不及物动词。不及物动词后不能直接跟有动作的对象（即宾语）。若要跟宾语，必须先在其后添加上某个介词，如to,of,at后方可跟上宾语。topayforthedamagetopayforalesson被动语态的时态构成：被动语态的时态由被动结构“be+过去分词”中的动词be

5、来体现be+done句子结构：主语（动作的承受者）+be+动词过去分词（by+动作执行者）被动语态的各种时态1)am/is/are+done一般现在时e.g.Visitorsarerequestednottotouchtheexhibits.2）am/is/arebeingdone现在进行时e.g.Anewcinemaisbeingbuilthere．3）was/weredone一般过去时e.g.IwasgiventenminutestodecidewhetherIshouldrejecttheoffer.4）was/werebeingdone过去进行时e.g.Ameetingwasbeing

6、heldwhenIwasthere.5）has/havebeendone现在完成时e.g.Allthepreparationsforthetaskhavebeencompleted,andwe'rereadytostart.6）hadbeendone过去完成时e.g.Bytheendoflastyear,anothernewgymnasiumhadbeencompletedinBeijing.7）shall/willbedone一般将来时e.g.Hundredsofjobswillbelostifthefactorycloses.8）should/wouldbedone过去将来时e.g.The

7、newswouldbesenttothesoldier'smotherassoonasitarrived.9）shall/willhavebeendone将来完成时（少用）e.g.TheprojectwillhavebeencompletedbeforeJuly.10）should/wouldhavebeendone过去将来完成时（少用）e.g.Hetoldmethathisnewclothesw