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1、AmericanLiterature---BeatGenerationTheBeatGenerationandAllenGinsbergTheBeatGenerationRepresentativePerson:AllenGinsberg（1926-1997）艾伦·金斯伯格ThefatheroftheBeatGenerationAmericanpoetvigorouslyopposedmilitarism,materialisPracticingbuddhist 我看见我这一代精英被疯狂摧残殆尽，饿着肚子歇斯底里赤裸着身体
2、，黎明中踉跄地走过黑人街,四下寻觅想给自己狠狠地打上一针海洛因。FromHowl《嚎叫》IrwinAllenGinsbergwasbornJune3,1926,inNewark,NJ,andgrewupinnearbyPatersonHisfatherLouiswasapublishedpoet,ateacher,andpoliticallyasocialisthismotherNaomiwasaCommunistradical,butunfortunatelyherboutswithmentalillness(mostl
3、ysevereparanoia)consumedmuchofGinsberg'schildhood1937,11,HebeganwritinginajournalWaltWhitman1943,17,HeenrolledatColumbiaUniversityJackKerouacNealCassady,andWilliamS.Burroughs.1945,19,Ginsbergbeganwritingseriously,andaroundthesametimehebegantoexperimentwithdrugs,an
4、dhadsomeofhisfirsthomosexualexperiences.InColumbiaUniversityColumbia'smentalhospital卡尔.所罗门1948,22HegraduatedfromColumbiaHeattemptedtorenouncehomosexualityandtookajobasamarketresearcheruponhisrelease,buthearingthepoetWilliamCarlosWilliamsatareadingdrewhimbackintoli
5、terature,andhegaveuptryingtofitintomainstreamsociety.1955,whenGinsbergreadpartsofhisnewepicpoem"Howl"attheSixGallery.aBeatmanifestoitwasanimmediatesensation.1956,30,releasedGinsberg'sfirstbook,theseminalHowlandOtherPoems1957,31,CityLightsownerwasarrestedonobscenit
6、ychargesforsellingcopiesofthebook;authoritiesobjectedmostlytoitshomosexualcontent.Ajudgeruledthatthebookwasnotobscene,andtheattendantpublicityhelpedmakeGinsbergahouseholdname.HowlOpening:EmptyMirror(1952)《空镜》Howl(1955)Kaddish(1960)《卡迪什》追忆自己的童年RealitySandwiches(196
7、3)《现实三明治》TheChange(1963)PlanetNews(1969)TheFallofAmerica(1973)《美国的衰弱》CollectedPoems1947-1980(1984)《诗集：1947–1980》WhiteShroud(1986)《白色的尸衣》自传性诗集,被公认是《卡迪什》的续篇MindBreaths:Poems1972-1977(1978)《精神气息：诗集1972–1977》ExcerptsFromTheFallofAmerica“BeardedrobotsdrinkfromUraniumco
8、ffeecupsonSaturn'sring.May1990”—American“WhencanIgointothesupermarketandbuywhatIneedwithmygoodlooks?”—AmericaHowl(嚎叫)TheBackgroundofHowl(嚎叫)Factorstocre
