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1、Depression----TheMentalIllnesswhatisdepressionDepressionisamentalhealthdisorder,apsychiatriccondition，characterizedbysadness,lossofinterestorpleasure,feelingsofguiltorlowself-worth,disturbedsleeporappetite,feelingsoftiredness,andpoorconcentration.Specifically,itisamooddisorde
2、rcharacterizedbypersistentlylowmoodinwhichthereisafeelingofsadnessandlostofinterest.Depressionisdifferentfromthefluctuationsinmoodthatweallexperienceasapartofanormalandhealthylife.Temporaryemotionalresponsestothechallengesofeverydaylifedonotconstitutedepression.Accordingtothe
3、USCentersforDiseasePreventionandControl(CDC),8%ofpeopleovertheageof12yearshasdepressioninanytwo-weekperiod.TheWorldHealthOrganization(WTO)putsdepressionatthetopofthelist-itisthemostcommonillnessworldwideandtheleadingceaseofdisability.Theorganizationestimatesthat350millionpeop
4、learoundtheworldareaffectedbydepression.MajorDepressivedisorderMajordepressivedisorder(MDD),alsoknownsimplyasdepression,isamentaldisordercharacterizedbyatleasttwoweeksoflowmoodthatispresentacrossmostsituations.Itisoftenaccompaniedbylowself-esteem,lossofinterestinnormallyenjoy
5、ableactivities,lowenergy,andpainwithoutaclearcause.Peoplemayalsooccasionallyhavefalsebeliefsorseeorhearthingsthatotherscannot.Somepeoplehaveperiodsofdepressionseparatedbyyearsinwhichtheyarenormalwhileothersnearlyalwayshavesymptomspresent.Majordepressivedisordercannegativelyaf
6、fectsaperson'sfamily,workorschoollife,sleepingoreatinghabits,andgeneralhealth.Between2-7%ofadultswithmajordepressiondiebysuicide,andupto60%ofpeoplewhodiebysuicidehaddepressionoranothermooddisorder.Thecauseisbelievedtobeacombinationofgenetic,environmental,andpsychologicalfacto
7、rs.Riskfactorsincludeafamilyhistoryofthecondition,majorlifechanges,certainmedications,chronichealthproblems,andsubstanceabuse.About40%oftheriskappearstoberelatedtogenetics.Thediagnosisofmajordepressivedisorderisbasedontheperson'sreportedexperiencesandamentalstatusexamination.
8、Thereisnolaboratorytestformajordepression.Testing,however,maybedonet
