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1、AUTISMWhatisAutism?Autismisthemostsevereofthedevelopmentaldisabilitieswithanincidenceofapproximately1per1000livebirths.Originallythoughtofasanemotionaldisordercausedbyinadequatemothering,itisnowrecongnisedashavinganorganicbasis.Theprimaryprobleminautismisthewaythe
2、brainprocessesandintegratesinformation,resultinginproblemsofsocialinteraction,communicationandbehavior.Severalcauseshavebeenidentifiedandavarietyofneurologicalmechanismsareinvolved.Althoughautismisaseverelyhandicappingcondition,outcomesforautisticpeopleareimprovin
3、gasmoreeffectiveinterventions.SignsOfAutismMayavoideyecontactMayprefertobealoneInsistenceonsamenessEchoswordsorphrasesDifficultyinteractingwithothersSpinsobjectsorselfMaynotwantcuddlingNorealfearofdangersDifficultyinexpressingneeds,mayusegesturesInappropriaterespo
4、nseornoresponsetosoundInappropriateattachmentstoobjectsInappropriatelaughingorgigglingApparentinsensitivitytopainSustainedunusualorrepetitiveplayUnevenphysicalorverbalskillsHowisAutismDiagnosed?Therearenomedicaltestsfordiagnosingautism.Anaccuratediagnosismustbebas
5、edonobservationoftheindividual'scommunication,behavior,anddevelopmentallevels.However,becausemanyofthebehaviorsassociatedwithautismaresharedbyotherdisorders,variousmedicaltestsmaybeorderedtoruleoutoridentifyotherpossiblecausesofthesymptomsbeingexhibited.Sincethech
6、aracteristicsofthedisordervarysomuch,ideallyachildshouldbeevaluatedbyamultidisciplinaryteamwhichmayincludeaneurologist,psychologist,developmentalpediatrician,speech/languagetherapist,learningconsultant,oranotherprofessionalknowledgeableaboutautism.Diagnosisisdiffi
7、cultforapractitionerwithlimitedtrainingorexposuretoautism.Sometimesprofessionalswhoarenotknowledgeableabouttheneedsandopportunitiesforearlyinterventioninautismdonotofferanautismdiagnosisevenifitisappropriate.Thishesitationmaybeduetoamisguidedwishtosparethefamily.U
8、nfortunately,thistoocanleadtofailuretoobtainappropriateservicesforthechild.TreatmentEvidenceshowsthatearlyinterventionresultsindramaticallypositiveoutco
