学术英语综合第三单元练习答案

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1、UnitThreeTwoWaysofLookingatLifeLead-in:Task1.brainfunctioning2.theunconsciousmind3.mentalhealthproblems4.Themajorityofpsychologists5.industrialandorganizationalCriticalreadingandthinkingTask1/Overview11)Thefathercallshernamebuthereyesdon'tmove.Thenhepicksup

2、atoyandshakesit,ringingthebellitcontains.Still,thebaby'seyesdon'tmove.Thusheconcludesthatshedoesn'tseemtorespondtonoiseatall,thatsheisdeaf.Hisworryisnotwell-groundedbecauseitisanewbornbabyandherattentiontosoundmaytakesometimetodevelop.2)Themotherremainscalm

3、andcomposedtowardsthefather'sanxiety.Shecomfortshimbysayingthatitistoosoontosayathinglikethat.Thenshetakesababybookfromtheshelfandreadstohimwhatissaidinthebook.Besides,shemakesanappointmentwithapediatricianforatest.2.PessimistsOptimistsHowtheyviewbadevents,

4、defeats,etc.DifferentconsequencesbroughtbydifferentapproachesBadthingswilllastforalongtime,willundermineeverythingtheydo,andaretheirownfault.Defeatisjustatemporarysetback;defeatisnottheirfault;abadsituationisachallenge.Giveupmoreeasilyandgetdepressedmoreoft

5、enDomuchbetterinschoolandatwork;moreapttobeelectedwhenrunningforoffice;agewellandlivelongerTask2Pointsfordiscussion1.Ifanoptimistgetsapromotion,hewilllikelybelieveit'sbecauseheisgoodathisjobandreceivesmorebenefitsandpromotioninthefuture.Whenhegetspassedover

6、forthepromotion,hewillbelieveit'slikelybecauseofextenuatingcircumstancesanddobetterinthefuture.Bycontrastapessimistwouldseeapromotionasaluckyeventthatprobablywon'thappenagain,andmayevenworrythathe'llnowbeundermorescrutiny.Beingpassedoverforpromotionwouldpro

7、bablybeexplainedasnotbeingskilledenough.He'dthereforeexpecttobepassedoveragain.2.Ithinkoptimisticpatternsofthinkingcanbelearnedtoadegree,althoughwetendtobemostlypredisposedtoourpatternsofthinking.Thekeytooptimisticthoughtpatternistomaximizeoursuccessesandmi

8、nimizeourfailures.Whileitisbeneficialtolookhonestlyatourshortcomingssowecanworkonthem,focusingonourstrengthscanneverhurt.Also,rememberthatvirtuallyanyfailurecanbealearningexperience,andanimportantstept