Part III Reading Comprehension

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试题解析：本文讲述了1957年发现的一种新的流感病毒——亚洲流感以及它的传播过程。   In1957adoctorinSingaporenoticedthathospitalsweretreatinganunusualnumberofinfluenza-likecases.Influenzaissometimescalled“flu”ora“badcold”.Hetooksamplesfromthethroatsofpatientsinhishospital and wasabletofindthevirus(病毒)ofthisinfluenza.   Therearethreemaintypesoftheinfluenzavirus.ThemostimportantofthesearetypeAandB,eachofthemhavingseveralsubgroups.WiththeinstrumentsatthehospitalthedoctorrecognizedthattheoutbreakwasduetoavirusingroupA,buthedidnotknowthesubgroup.ThenhereportedtheoutbreaktotheWorldHealthOrganization (WHO) inGeneva.WHOpublishedtheimportantnewsalongsidereportsofasimilaroutbreakinHongKong,whereabout15～20%ofthepopulationhadbecomeill.    AssoonastheLondondoctorsreceivedthepackageofthroatsamples,doctorsbeganthestandardtests.Theyfoundthatbyreproducingitselfwithveryhighspeed,thevirushadgrownmorethanamilliontimeswithintwodays.Continuingtheircarefultests,thedoctorscheckedtheeffectofdrugsagainstalltheknownsubgroupsofvirustypeA.Noneofthemgaveanyprotection.This,then,wassomethingnew,anew influenzavirus,againstwhichthepeopleoftheworldhadnohelpwhatever.Havingfoundthevirustheywereworkingwith,thetwodoctorsnowdroppeditintothenosesofsomespeciallyselectedanimals,whichgetinfluenzamuchashumanbeingsdo.Inashorttimetheusualsignsofthediseaseappeared.Theseexperimentsprovedthatthenewviruswaseasytocatch,butthatitwasnotakiller.Scientists,likethegeneralpublic,callitsimplyAsianflu.  Thefirstdiscoveryofthevirus,however,wasmadeinChinabeforethediseasehadappearedinothercountries.VariousreportsshowedthattheinfluenzaoutbreakstartedinChina,probablyinFebruaryof1957.BythemiddleofMarchithadspreadalloverChina.TheviruswasfoundbyChinesedoctorsearlyinMarch.ButChinawasthennotamemberofWHOandthereforedidn’treportthediseasetoit.Notuntiltwomonthslater,whenthevirusspreadtoSingapore,didthenewsoftheoutbreakreachtherestoftheworld.Bythistimeitwasstartedonitswayaroundtheworld.  56. AsthedoctorinSingaporefoundthedisease,he________.A) reportedtheoutbreaktoWHO√B) foundthesubgroupofthevirusC) waskeenonnamingthediseaseD) sethispatientsapartfromothers答案：A 解析：第二段倒数第二句指出，医生向位于日内瓦的世界卫生组织报告。所以B正确。57. Thetruthaboutthevirusinthispassagewasthatit________.A) hadbeenstoredinafridgeB) couldreproducewithhighspeed√C) wasaderivationfromothersD) wasaweaktype答案：B解析：根据第三段第二句：Theyfoundthatbyreproducingitselfwithveryhighspeed...可知，C为正确答案。第三段第五句指出，这是一个新的流感病毒，并不是衍生出来的，故B不正确。58. WhichstatementisTRUEabouttheinfluenzaaccordingtothepassage?A) Animalswerealerttothisdisease.B) Therewerenoeffectivedrugsforit.√C) Itcouldonlybespreadamongchildren.D) Ithadbeenidentifiedmanyyearsbefore.答案：B解析：第三段第四句指出，没有一种药物可以防御它，故C正确。倒数第四句指出，动物和人类一样容易感染流感，故D错误。59. Accordingtotheexperimentonanimals,wecanfindthat________.A) therewasnosignificantsignofthefluB) thefluwasseriousbutnotdeadly√C) thefluwaseasytocausedeathtoanimals D) thefluhasamoreseriouseffectonanimals答案：B解析：第三段倒数第二句和第三句指出这种流感是有症状的，但不会致死。所以D正确。60. ItcanbeinferredthatthefirstmeasureforWHOtotrackadiseasesuchasinfluenzaisto________.A) trainmorehighlyskillfulexpertsB) setapartadequatetimetostudythefactC) setupanefficientreportingservice√D) cooperatewitheverydoctorwell答案：C解析：题目为WHO通过怎样的措施来追踪例如流感这样的疾病。根据最后一段内容，此次流感是从中国开始的，但因为中国当时不是WHO的成员国，故没有上报疾病的爆发。后传到新加坡，才由新加坡报告到WHO的。所以WHO了解疾病爆发及传播的主要途径就是：建立一个有效的上报机构以便成员国上报具体情况。所以A正确。试题解析：本文主要讲述了金钱与幸福的关系——一个人完全没有金钱固然不行，但有了金钱也不能保证得到幸福。本文还进一步挖掘了幸福与社会经济状况之间的关系，指出所谓的“美国矛盾”，即物质财富充裕和精神匮乏之间的矛盾。   Doesmoneybuyhappiness?Not!Ah,butwouldalittlemoremoneymakeusalittlehappier?Manyofussmirk(傻笑，假笑)andnod.There is,webelieve,someconnectionbetweenfiscalfitnessandemotionalfulfillment.ThreeinfourAmericancollegians(大学生)nowconsiderit"veryimportant"or"essential"thattheybecome"verywelloff"financially.Moneymatters.    Butasurprisingfactoflifeisthatincountrieswherenearlyeveryonecanaffordlife'snecessities,increasingaffluencematterssurprisinglylittle.Thecorrelationbetweenincomeandhappinessis"surprisinglyweak",observedUniversityofMichiganresearcherRonaldInglehartinone16-nationstudyof170,000people.Oncecomfortable,moremoneyprovidesdiminishingreturns.Thesecondpieceofpie,orthesecond$100,000,nevertastesasgoodasthefirst.EvenlotterywinnersandtheForbes'100wealthiestAmericanshaveexpressedonlyslightlygreaterhappinessthantheaverageAmerican.Makingitbigbringstemporaryjoy.Butinthelongrunwealthislikehealth:itsutterabsencecanbreedmisery,buthavingitdoesn’tguaranteehappiness.Happinessseemslessamatterofgettingwhatwewantthanofwantingwhatwehave.    Hasourhappinessfloatedupwardwiththerisingeconomictide?Arewehappiertodaythanin1940s,whentwooutoffivehomeslackedashowerortub?Actually,wearenot.Since1957,thenumberofAmericanswhosaytheyare"veryhappy"hasdeclinedfrom35to32percent.Meanwhile,thedivorceratehasdoubled,theteensuicideratehasnearlytripled(使成三倍),theviolentcrimeratehasnearlyquadrupled(使成四倍) (evenaftertherecentdecline),andmorepeoplethanever(especiallyteensandyoungadults)aredepressed.    Thissoaringwealthandshrinkingspiritiscalled"theAmericanparadox".Morethanever,wehavebighousesandbrokenhomes,highincomesandlowmorale,securedrightsanddiminishedcivility.Weexcelatmakingalivingbutoftenfailatmakingalife.Wecelebrateourprosperitybutyearnforapurpose.Wecherishourfreedomsbutlongforconnection.Inanageofplenty,wefeelspiritualhunger.61. Whichofthefollowingstatementsbestexpressestheauthor’sview?A) Inthelongrun,happinessgrowswitheconomy.B) Themoremoneyweearn,thehappierwewouldbe.C) Themoremoneyweearn,thediminishedreturnswehave.D) Inthelongrun,moneycannotguaranteehappiness.√答案：D解析：A项与C项明显错误。B项只是第二段在举例证明时提出的观点，这句话的意思是“幸福感还是随着金钱的增加而增长，只是增加量在减少。”这并不是文章的主旨，是为了论证“长期来看，金钱不能保证幸福”。因此D正确。 62. Thesecond$100,000nevertastesasgoodasthefirst,because________.A) itisnotsoimportantasthefirst$100,000B) it’snotsofreshasthefirst$100,000C) profitbroughtbyitislessthanthatfromthefirst$100,000D) happinessbroughtbyitislessthanthatfromthefirst$100,000√答案：D解析：该句是用非常形象的说法解释了前一句话Oncecomfortable,moremoneyprovidesdiminishingreturns，即，“第二张饼不如第一张香，第二次获得10万美元不如第一次那样开心。”经济学术语diminishingreturns的含义是“收益递减”，但在文中是指“幸福感递减”。因此，A项、B项和C项不对，只有D项为正确答案。63. Inthispassage,"theAmericanparadox"probablymeans________(Para.4).A) theAmericancharacteristicB) theAmericancontradiction√C) theAmericanwonderD) theAmericanphenomenon答案：B解析：paradox意为“矛盾”。该词汇出现的前后均有提示，用的都是并列的两个概念形成对比。第四段的第一句实际上就是对paradox的解释soaringwealthandshrinkingspirit，其后的几句话也是对这一说法的具体阐述。故选B项。 64. Theexampleofwhathappenedafter1957isgiventoillustratethat________.A) youngpeoplearenothappyabouttheirlifeB) people’sspiritualneedscannotbefulfilledbywealth√C) socialcrimeshaveincreasedbyalargemarginD) familyproblemsbecomemoreandmoreserious答案：B解析：第三段可以分为两个层次，前三句构成设问句为第一层，后面两句为第二层。第二层主要起到承上启下的作用：通过列数字、举事例来说明第一层的观点，同时进一步转入到第四段。因此，文中列举出的1957年以后的事例都是想要说明随着经济的发展，人们并没有为此而增加幸福感，相反，幸福感还会减少。接下来的第四段第一句话，实际上是对第三段第二层的总结。B项对应thedivorcerate，C项对应violentcrimerate，D项对应teensuiciderate，这些都只是对现象的单方面归纳，而非结论。A项则是综合性的结论。65. Accordingtothepassage,peopleexcelatmakingalivingbut________.A) don’tknowhowtospendmoneyB) don’thaveanyaimoridealC) don’thaveanycontactwithotherpeopleD) don’tknowhowtoenjoylife√答案：D解析：文中最后一段说，我们善于谋生，但却往往不会营造生活。根据上下文，并列的两个相对概念中，前者为积极的方面，后者则是消极的方面。A项aimorideal对应的是purpose，C项contactwithotherpeople 对应的是connection，D项无对应内容，只有B项对应的是makingaliving，故选B项。文章主要讲述的是作者在国外教学的经历和对国外教学的看法。作者主要把自己在英国教学和在泰国教学的经历做了对比。通过对比，作者总结出几点经验：第一，学校管理层应该更加重视教师职业的发展；第二，激发学生们的学习动力对他们而言更有裨益；第三，如果一个人想恢复对教育热情可以尝试去国外作教师。 Imagineworkingataschoolwhereyourarelyhavetouseyourdisciplinaryskills,andthestudentsaremotivatedtosucceedandleadwell-roundedlivesbyparticipatinginsportingandcreativeactivities.Evenbetter,imagineaparent-teacherconferencewheretheparentsrespectyouandyourprofessionaldevelopmentisofconcerntotheschool'sadministration.ThesearethebenefitsIhaveattainedfrommymoveintoaninternationalteachingcareer. PriortosecuringmypositionasaninternationalteacherinThailand,IworkedforoverthreeyearsinEngland.WhileIenjoyedmytimethereandlearnedalotfrommycolleagues,therewerepartsofthejobIdidn'tlike.That'soneofthereasonsInowteachataninternationalschool.  WhenIwasteachinginEngland,IoftenfoundthatIhadspentmuchofmytimeondiscipline.However,asaninternationaleducator,Idon'thaveevenaquarterofthedisciplineissuesIhadwhenIwasteachinginEngland.It'snotbecauseIteachlessstudents;Istillteachclassesof23to25students.ThereasonIspendlesstimeondisciplineisbecauseteachingisarespectedprofessioninThailandandthereforeteachersaretreatedverywellbythewholecommunity. HereinThailand,themajorityofstudentsaremotivatedtosucceedacademically.Thewholeschoolhasacultureofrewardingsuccess.ThisisinpartbecauseweareinThailand,butitisalsoanintegral(不可缺少的)componentoftheeducationalphilosophyintheInternationalBaccalaureateOrganization's(IBO)curriculum.IntheUKIwasconstantlygivingofmyselftokeepmystudentsmotivatedandbelievingthattheycouldachievewelliftheyputintheeffort.Afterawhilethisbecamedraining.NowIcanconcentrateon teachingandopeningmystudents'eyestothewiderworldbecausetheyaresomotivatedtolearn. Ifyouarenotfeelingthepassionforeducationthatoriginallyinspiredyoutobecomeateacher,perhapsyoushouldbelookingatmovingoverseas.AnadditionalbenefitisthatthesalaryisbetterthanIwasgettingintheUnitedKingdomaswell!   56. InThailand,theauthorseldomhastousedisciplinaryskillsbecause________.A) thestudentswouldnotliketheauthortousedisciplinaryskillsB) theauthorisnotgoodatusingdisciplinaryskillsC) thestudentsareself-consciousandteachersarerespected√D) theauthorhaslessstudentstodealwith答案：C解析：文章分别在两个段落中明确提到作者在学校很少惩罚学生的原因。第一段开头部分提到，可以想象：在一个很少用惩罚性方法的学校工作，学生们都以成功为目的，而且通过参加运动和有创造性的活动来丰富生活（...studentsaremotivatedtosucceedandleadwell-roundedlivesbyparticipatinginsportingandcreativeactivities）；文章第三段中提到我在校规方面花很少时间是因为在泰国，教育是一种受尊重的职业，因此全社会都对教师非常好（ThereasonIspendlesstimeondisciplineisbecauseteachingisarespectedprofessioninThailandandthereforeteachersaretreatedverywellbythewholecommunity），由此可以分析出，正是学生的自觉性和教师受到尊重这两个原因，所以选C。57. WhichofthefollowingisNOT"partsofthejobIdidn'tlike"(Para.2)?A) Consumingmuchtimeondiscipline.B) Learningfromtheauthor'scolleagues.√C) Tryinginvaintomotivatethestudents.D) Losingthepassionforteaching. 答案：B解析：文章第二段中提到在那儿的时光我很高兴，而且从同事们那里也学到了很多东西，不过也有我不喜欢的方面（WhileIenjoyedmytimethereandlearnedalotfrommycolleagues,therewere...），由此可以看出，作者“不喜欢的方面”并不包括从同事们那里学到很多东西。所以选C。58. Thefollowingaretheauthor'sbenefitsofworkinginThailandEXCEPT________.A) concentratingonwhattodoB) developingprofessionallyC) earningmoremoneyD) feelingsecuredworkinginThailand√答案：D解析：文章分别在三个段落中提到在泰国工作的好处。其中第一段提到学校的管理事务中涉及到了职业的发展（...andyourprofessionaldevelopmentisofconcerntotheschool'sadministration）；第四段中提到“现在我可以集中精力来教学”（NowIcanconcentrateonteachingand...）；第五段中提到另外一个好处就是薪水也比作者在英国时的多（AnadditionalbenefitisthatthesalaryisbetterthanIwasgettingintheUnitedKingdomaswell），由此可以分析出，在泰国作教师的好处就在于以上三个方面，不包括选项D，所以选D。59. Accordingtothepassage,what'stheauthor'sattitudetowardsteachingoverseas? A) It'smuchbettertoteachinThailandthananyotheroverseascountries.B) Ifoneneedstoregainpassionforteaching,thenit'srecommended.√C) Thereisnoclueabouttheauthor'sattitudetowardsthismatter.D) It'sarecommendedwaytoopenone'seyesanddeliverknowledge.答案：B解析：文章第五段开头部分提到，如果你感觉不到那种最初促使你成为一名教师的对教育的热忱的话，或许你应该去国外（Ifyouarenotfeelingthepassionforeducationthatoriginallyinspiredyoutobecomeateacher,perhapsyoushouldbelookingatmovingoverseas），由此可以看出，作者认为如果一个人想要重获对教育的热忱，可以去国外作教师，所以选C。60. Whatcanbeinferredfromthispassage?A) TheauthorusuallyhadmoreclassesintheUnitedKingdom.B) Theauthorthinkskeepingstudentsmotivatedtolearnbringsmorebenefitstothem.√C) TheauthoralsoregardsBritishstudentsasmotivatedones.D) Theauthordoesn'tliketheUnitedKingdomatall.答案：B解析：考生回答此问题需要从整体上理解文章。文章第一段中提到一所很少使用惩罚性校规的学校，学生们都以成功为目的，而且通过参加运动和有创造性的活动来丰富生活；文章第四段中提到我现在可以集中精力教学，为学生们面向更广阔的世界打开视野，因为学生们也被激发出学习的动力，由此可以看出，作者认为激发出学生们的学习动力对他们更有好处，所以选D。 试题解析：文章讲述了亚洲人口老龄化的现象。在未来的50年里，亚洲人口老龄化的现象会继续加剧，仅南亚和东亚就占有世界老龄人口数量的一半，这些皆可归因于医疗和公共卫生事业的大力发展。但是，亚洲人民的生活质量还有待提高。而相比较而言，西方国家各方面的发展则比较均衡，因此，亚洲国家需要制定新的策略来发展和完善与人口相适应的各项服务。 Asia'spopulationisgrowingold.AllacrossAsia,thenumberofpeopleaged65andaboveisexpectedtogrowdramaticallyoverthenext50years.Fortheregionasawhole,thepopulationinthisagegroupwillincreaseby314%—from207millionin2000to857millionin2050. SurveyscommissionedbytheUnitedNationsalsoindicatethatbytheearlyhalfofthe21stcentury,SouthandEastAsiawillhavealmosthalftheworld'selderlypeople. TheagingofAsiaisessentiallyastoryofsuccess.Butadvancesinmedicineandpublichealthoverthepasttwodecadeshavefaroutstripped(超过)the progressonotherfronts.IfAsiacontinuesmovingdownthepathofWestern-styleindustrialdevelopmentwithitsurbanexpansion,radicalpolicyadjustmentswillbeessentialtomaintainasenseofbalance. Whathaslongbeenoneofthesociety'sprimarygoals—longlifeforitspeople—israpidlybecomingoneofitsmajorproblems.Having learnedtopostponedeath,theregionmustnowaddressitselftothequalityoflifeofthesurvivors.AseriesofrecentstudiesreflecttheviewthatAsia is"abouttoagetooearly." SomeWesternsocietieshadsmallerpopulations,whichgrewduringtheindustrialrevolution,concurrent(一致的)withadvancesinhealth,educationandwelfare,whichtoagreatextenteasedtheproblemsposedbythegrowingnumbersandincreasingageofthepopulation. ButsomeAsiannationshavehadtosearchforstrategiestoimprovethesesameservices.Theresulthasbeenaseparated,"sectoral"(部门的)approachwhichhasfocusedonmedicineandpublichealthwhileleavingeducation,housing,consumergoodsproduction,incomedistributionandinstitutionalmodernizationaside.However,balancedimprovementsinalltheseareasareessentialifsomeguaranteeofadecentexistenceistobeprovidedtothegrowingpeoplenowconsideredfortunatetobeabletoreflectontheiryouth.61. TherearemoreoldpeopleinAsiatodaybecause________.A) itsmedicineandpublichealthhavebeenimproved√B) itsindustrializationhasbeenspedupC) AsiaisanoldcontinentD) therehasbeenWestern-styleindustrialdevelopment答案：A 解析：文章第三段开头部分提到亚洲的老龄化本质上是一种成功，但是在过去的二十多年中，医药和公共卫生的进步远远超过了其他方面的进步（TheagingofAsiaisessentiallyastoryofsuccess.Butadvancesinmedicineandpublichealthoverthepasttwodecadeshavefaroutstrippedtheprogressonotherfronts），由此可以推断出，亚洲老龄化主要应该归因于医药和公共卫生条件的改善，所以选C。62. Intheauthor'sview,Asianowneedsto________.A) improvethegeneralstandardsofliving√B) increaseitsrateofurbanizationC) stoppeoplefromgettingsooldD) changeattitudestowardsoldage答案：A解析：文章第四段中提到，已经学会延缓人们死亡的亚洲国家，现在应该致力于人民的生活质量的改善（Havinglearnedtopostponedeath,theregionmustnowaddressitselftothequalityoflifeofthesurvivors），由此可以看出，作者认为亚洲国家现在需要提高人民生活的整体水平，所以选D。63. ItcanbelearnedthatsomeWesterncountries________.A) learnedsolutionsfromelsewhereB) rejectedtheproblemofoldageC) experiencedthesameprobleminthepastD) developedinamorebalancedway√答案：D解析：文章第五段提到，一些西方国家拥有很少的人口，在工业革命时期，人口的增长与医疗卫生、教育和社会福利的进步是相一致的（SomeWestern societieshadsmallerpopulations,whichgrewduringtheindustrialrevolution,concurrentwithadvancesinhealth,educationandwelfare...），由此可以推断出，一些西方国家各方面的发展更加均衡，所以选B。64. Accordingtothepassage,someAsiancountries________.A) havebeenabletoaffordtobuymostsolutionstheywantedfromelsewhereB) havemadeunwisedecisionsontheapproachtoimprovingservices√C) haveimportedsolutionsfromothercountriesD) haveguaranteedacomfortableoldagelifetotheircitizens答案：B解析：文章第六段开头部分提到，但是一些亚洲国家已经不得不寻找策略来完善相应的服务（ButsomeAsiannationshavehadtosearchforstrategiestoimprovethesesameservices），由此可以看出，有些亚洲国家在完善相应的服务中曾经做出过不明智的抉择，现在不得不寻找策略来完善相应的服务，所以选A。65. TheauthorclaimsthattobeoldinAsiaisnowconsidered________.A) expensiveB) healthyC) acurseD) lucky√答案：D 解析：文章第六段的结尾处提到……现在上岁数的人被认为是幸运的……（...tobeprovidedtothegrowingpeoplenowconsideredfortunateto...），由此可以看出，作者认为现在亚洲的老年人是幸运的，所以选D。 TheAmazonRainforestistheworld'sgreatestnaturalresource—themostpowerfulandbio-activelydiversenaturalphenomenonontheplanet.Yetstillitisbeingdestroyedjustlikeotherrainforestsaroundtheworld. Theproblemandthesolutiontorainforestdestructionarebotheconomic. Rainforestsarebeingdestroyedworldwidefortheprofitstheyyield—mostlyharvestingunsustainableresourcesliketimber,forcattleandagriculture,andforcroppingbyrainforestinhabitants.However,iflandowners,governmentsandthoselivingintherainforesttodayweregivenapracticaleconomicreasonNOTtodestroytherainforest,itcouldandwouldbesaved.Thankfully,thispracticaleconomicalternativedoesexist.Manyorganizationshavedemonstratedthatifthemedicinalplants, fruits,nutsandotherresourceslikerubberandchicle(树胶)wereharvestedsustainably,rainforestlandhasmuchmoreeconomicvaluethaniftimberwereharvestedorifitwereburneddownforcattleorfarmingoperations.Sustainableharvestingofthesetypesofresourcesprovidesthisvaluetodayaswellasmorelong-termincomeandprofitsyearafteryearforgenerationstocome. Thisisnolongeratheory.Itisafactanditisbeingimplementedtoday.Thelateststatisticsshowthatrainforestlandconvertedtocattleoperationsyieldsthelandowner$60peracre,andiftimberisharvested,thelandisworth$400peracre.However,iftheserenewable(可更新的)andsustainableresourcesareharvested,thelandwillyieldthelandowner$2,400peracre.Thisvalueprovidesanincomenotonlytoday,butyearafteryear—forgenerationswhilestillprotectingtheforest.Justasimportant,toharvestthewealthofsustainablerainforestresourceseffectively,localpeopleandnativetribesareemployed.Today,entirecommunitiesandnativetribesearn5to10timesmoremoneybyharvestingmedicinalplants,fruits,nutsandoilsthantheycanearnbychoppingdowntheforestforsubsistencecrops(自给作物)—anotherreasonwhysomuchrainforestlandislostyearafteryear.Thismuchneededincomesourcecreatestheawarenessandeconomicmotiveforthispopulationintherainforesttoprotectandpreservetheforestsforlong-termprofitsforthemselvesandtheirchildrenandisanimportant solutioninsavingtherainforestfromdestruction.  56. Whatdoestheauthormeanbysaying"Theproblemandthesolutiontorainforestdestructionarebotheconomic"(Para.1)?A) Peoplecanprofitalotfromwhattherainforestyieldsineconomicalways.B) Peoplecanprofitallthewaysincetheytakeeconomyintoconsiderationallalong.C) Peoplecanprofitfromtherainforestaslongastheystopdestroyingit.D) Peoplecanprofitfromtherainforestinanenvironmentalratherthanadestructiveway.√答案：D解析：文章第一段中首先提到在此居住的人们为了获得利益而破坏了雨林，随后第一段第五句又提到However,iflandowners,governmentsandthoselivingintherainforesttodayweregivenapracticaleconomicreasonNOTtodestroytherainforest,itcouldandwouldbesaved...（但是，如果给土地所有者、政府和那些住在雨林的人们不破坏雨林但又能获得经济利益的可行的办法，那么雨林就会得救）。由此可以分析出，人们破坏雨林是因为想从中获利，但人们可以以环保而非破坏的的方式从雨林中获利，所以选C。57. Thekeyinsolvingtheproblemofrainforestdestructionis________.A) practicaldevelopmentB) economicdevelopmentC) sustainabledevelopment√D) medicinaldevelopment答案：C 解析：文章第一段第八句提到Sustainableharvestingofthesetypesofresourcesprovidesthisvaluetodayaswellasmorelong-termincomeandprofitsyearafteryearforgenerationstocome（如今这类资源的可持续获得会提供这种价值，同时会年复一年地为后代提供更多长期的收益和利益）。由此可以推断出，可持续发展才是解决雨林破坏问题的关键，所以选A。58. Accordingtothepassage,howcanthelandownersearnmost?A) Byconvertingthelandtocattleoperations.B) Byharvestingtherenewableresources.√C) Byharvestingtheunsustainableresources.D) Bychoppingdowntheforestforsubsistencecrops.答案：B解析：文章第二段第三句的后半部分中用具体数字说明了土地所有者的收益情况，...iftimberisharvested,thelandisworth$400peracre.However,iftheserenewableandsustainableresourcesareharvested,thelandwillyieldthelandowner$2,400peracre（如果收获木材，每英亩土地获利400美元。但是，如果收获这些可再生和可持续资源，每英亩土地则会收益2400美元）。由此可以看出，土地所有者使用可再生和可持续资源收益最多，所以选B。59. Whichofthefollowingissaidaboutthesuggestedsolutiontorainforestdestruction? A) Itbringslessbenefitthanleavingtherainforestalone.B) Itistheoreticalratherthanpractical.C) Itisimportantandpromisingandisbeingimplemented.√D) Itwillbenefitfuturegenerationsratherthanthepresentone.答案：C解析：文章第二段后半部分提到了土地所有者通过使用可更新和可持续的资源收益更多，随后对这种方法进行了评价，其中提到Thismuchneededincomesourcecreatestheawarenessandeconomicmotiveforthispopulationintherainforesttoprotectandpreservetheforestsforlong-termprofitsforthemselvesandtheirchildrenandisanimportantsolutioninsavingtherainforestfromdestruction（这种急需的收入性资源激发了当地人保护雨林以造福自己和子孙后代的意识和经济动机，同时这也是保护雨林免受破坏的重要解决办法）。由此可以推断出，文中提到的解决雨林破坏的方法已经被应用，而且是重要的、可行的，所以选D。60. WhencenteringaroundtheseveredestructionoftheAmazonRainforest,theauthorfocuseson________.A) thesuggestionoftheeconomicsolutionB) thedescriptionofthepoorsituationC) theanalysisoftheeconomiccauseD) theevaluationofthepracticalsolution√答案：D解析： 文章一开始就提到了亚马逊雨林被严重破坏的事实，然后又提到了人们破坏雨林是为了获取利益，随后提到了一种解决雨林破坏问题的实用方法，就是既让人们从中获益又使雨林免于破坏；文章余下的内容均是对这种方法的讨论和对其实践效果的评价，由此可以看出，作者主要关注对这种实用方法的评价，所以选D。试题解析：每个人都离不开夸奖和赞赏他人，但是夸奖他人也有很多需要注意的事情。给别人的夸奖关键是要听起来真挚，这样就可以使被夸奖人高兴且欣然接受。赞美之词要简单并且有针对性。真诚的夸奖是由衷的，而不是事先准备好的。夸奖别人时最重要的就是要表现出一种真诚的钦佩感。 Thekeytogivingcompliments(夸奖)issoundingsinceresothattherecipient(接受者)ofthecomplimentistrulypleasedandappreciativeofthecompliment.Aninsincerecomplimentdoesnotconveythesamemessage. Whencomplimentingsomeone,it'simportanttokeepyourcomplimentsimpleandspecific.Acomplimentthatistoooverthetopsoundsforcedanddoesnotseemsincere.Insteadoftalkingnonstopabouttherecipientofthecompliment,offerasimplecomplimentonaspecificachievement.Thesimplicityofthecomplimentwillsoundmoregenuinethanifyouhadgoneintogreatdetailinyourcompliment.Besides,offeringacomplimentonaspecificachievementinsteadofmakingageneralizationshowsthatyourcomplimentissincerebecauseyourealizethe importanceoftheachievement.Offeringasincerecomplimentdoesn'thavetobedifficult,justkeepyourwordssimpleandfocusonthereasonwhyyouaregivingthecompliment. Sincerecomplimentsarespokenfromtheheartandarenot premeditated.Atruecomplimentisspokenfreelyandwithoutmuchthoughtwhilerehearsing(排演)andplanningacomplimentappearsobligatoryandinsincere.Whilethinkingbeforeyouspeakisgenerallyagoodidea,puttingtoomuchthoughtintoacomplimentcanhavetheeffectofnotseeminggenuine.Whenofferingacompliment,letyouremotionsspeakinsteadofcalculatingyourwordsandyourcomplimentwillseemsincere. Themostimportantthingtorememberingivingcomplimentsisthatasincerecomplimentstemsfromagenuinefeelingofadmiration,whiletheartofofferingcomplimentsalsoinvolvessomeotherskills.Offeringacomplimentwithoutthoughtsofpersonalgainisacriticalone.Ifyouaregivingthecomplimentforyourownpersonalgain,yourlackofsinceritywillresultinthepersonreceivingthecomplimentnotreallyfeelingtouchedbyyourwords.Inaddition,offeringyourcomplimentinatimelymannerandpreferablyinfrontofothershelpsalottocreatetheappearanceofasincerecompliment. 61. Thispassageismainlyabout________.A) howtoappreciatesoundcomplimentsB) theadvantagesofmakingsincerecomplimentsC) thedifficultiesinmakingsoundcomplimentsD) howtogivesincerecompliments√答案：D解析：考生回答此问题需要从整体上对文章加以理解。文章第一段第一句提到Thekeytogivingcomplimentsissoundingsinceresothattherecipientofthecomplimentistrulypleasedandappreciativeofthecompliment（夸奖别人的关键是要听起来真挚，这样就可以使被夸奖人高兴且欣然接受）；接下来教人们如何给他人以真诚的夸奖以及夸奖别人时需要注意的事项。综合来分析，文章是关于如何夸奖他人的，所以选C。62. Inwhatwayisacomplimentsincere?A) Ifthereceiverfeelsproudofhimself/herself.B) Ifthereceivertakesitsincerely.C) Ifthereceiverhasagoodimpression.D) Ifthereceivertrulyappreciatesit.√答案：D解析：文章在第一段第一句提到Thekeytogivingcomplimentsissoundingsinceresothattherecipientofthecomplimentistrulypleasedandappreciativeofthecompliment（夸奖别人的关键是要听起来真挚，这样就可以使被夸奖者高兴且欣然接受）。由此可见，真挚的夸奖就是要使被夸奖人欣然接受，所以选B。 63. Wecanmakeourcomplimentsimpleandspecificunlesswe________.A) arebriefratherthantalkativeB) narrowdowntoonlyoneachievementC) focusonthereasonofourcomplimentD) givedetailsinourcompliment√答案：D解析：文章第二段第四句中提到Thesimplicityofthecomplimentwillsoundmoregenuinethanifyouhadgoneintogreatdetailinyourcompliment（简洁有针对性的夸奖会比关注过多细节的繁冗之词听上去更真诚）。由此可以分析出，我们不能在夸奖别人时说过多的细节内容，这样才可以使夸奖变得简洁、有针对性，所以选A。64. Theword"premeditated"(Para.3)isclosestinmeaningto"________".A) preparedinadvance√B) writtendowninprivateC) calculatedcarefullyD) consideredthoroughly答案：A解析：考生要找到与句子中premeditated一词意思最接近的词语，需要对下面句子加以理解分析。文章第三段第二句话对premeditated加以诠释，其中提到Atruecomplimentisspokenfreelyandwithoutmuchthoughtwhilerehearsingandplanningacomplimentappearsobligatoryand insincere（真正的夸奖是随口说出来的，没有过多的思考，而排练或者策划好的夸奖就显得机械、不真诚）。由此可以分析出，premeditated一词就指“策划好的，准备好的”，所以选D。65. Whatismostimportantwhenpeoplegiveasincerecompliment?A) Speakingwithoutmuchthought.B) Beingsimpleandspecific.C) Demonstratinggenuineadmiration.√D) Offeringthecomplimentinfrontofothers.答案：C解析：文章第四段第一句提到Themostimportantthingtorememberingivingcomplimentsisthatasincerecomplimentstemsfromagenuinefeelingofadmiration...（夸奖别人时要牢记的要点是真诚的夸奖源自一种真正的钦佩感），所以选C。 Sociologists(社会学家)havedevelopedelaboratetheoriesofwhospreadssmalltalksandnews—whotellswhom,whomattersmostinsocialnetworks—butthey'vehadlesssuccessmeasuringwhatkindofinformationtravelsfastest.Dopeopleprefertospreadgoodnewsorbadnews?Wouldwerathershockthereaderswithimproperbehaviororenlightenthem?Whichstoriesdosocialcreatureswanttoshare,andwhy?    ResearchersattheUniversityofPennsylvaniafoundthatpeoplepreferrede-mailingarticleswithpositiveratherthannegativethemes,andtheylikedtosendlongarticlesonintellectuallychallengingtopics.Perhapsmostofall,readerswantedtosharearticlesthatinspiredastonishment,anemotionthattheresearchersinvestigatedafternoticinghowmanysciencearticlesmadethelist.Ingeneral,theyfound,20percentofarticlesthatappearedonthe Times homepagemadethelist,buttherateroseto30percentforsciencearticles."Sciencekeptdoingbetterthanweexpected,"saidDr.Berger,asocialpsychologist(心理学家)andaprofessorofmarketingatPenn'sWhartonSchool."Weanticipatedthatpeoplewouldsharearticleswithpracticalinformationabouthealth,andtheydid,buttheyalsosentarticlesaboutearthscience.You'dseearticlesshootingupthelistthatwereaboutthephysicsoflightofdeervision."  Themotivationformailingtheseastonishment-inspiringarticlesisnotasimmediatelyobviousaswithotherkindsofarticles,Dr.Bergersaid.Sharingcookingskillsorfinancialtipsormedicaladvicemakessenseaccordingtoclassiceconomicutilitytheory:Igiveyousomethingofpracticalvalueinthehopethatyou'llsomedayreturnthefavor.    Therecanalsobeself-interestedreasonsforsharingsurprisingarticles:IgettoshowoffhowwellinformedIambysendingnewsthatwillshockyou.   Butingeneral,peoplewhosharethiskindofarticleseemtohavegreatermotivesthantryingtoimpresstheirfriends.They'reseekingemotionalcommunication,Dr.Bergersaid."IfI'vejustreadthisstorythatchangesthewayIunderstandtheworldandmyself,Iwanttotalktoothersaboutwhatitmeans.Ifyoureadthearticleandfeelthesameemotion,itwillbringusclosertogether."56. Whatisthepresentsituationofsociologists'studyonnewstravelinpeople'slife?A) Theirtheoryaboutpeoplewhoarelikelytoreceivenewsneedstobedeveloped.B) Theyhavefailedtodiscoverthetypeofnewswhichspreadsfasterthanothers.C) Theyhavejustworkedoutaperfecttheoryofwhoenjoyssharingnewswithothers.D) Theyexpecttofindoutwhatkindofnewsisthemostpopularinsocialnetwork.√答案：D解析：文章第一段指出，以前的研究并没能确定什么样的消息是传播最快的（they'vehadlesssuccessmeasuringwhatkindofinformationtravelsfastest），而这篇文章介绍的研究关注的焦点就是这个方面，即大家对什么样的信息最感兴趣，所以选B。57. WhatdidresearchersattheUniversityofPennsylvaniafindaboutpeople'spreferenceofnews? A) Articleswithsophisticatedknowledgeweremorewidelyreadbypeople.B) Messagesleadingtosurprisewerethemostwidelyspreadinpeople'slife.√C) Articleswithinterestingsubjectsweremorefrequentlysentbypeopletotheirfriends.D) Informationofcommonsensewasthemostpopulartypeofnewsamongpeople.答案：B解析：文章第二段第二句话提到，大多数读者希望分享能够令人吃惊的文章（Perhapsmostofall,readerswantedtosharearticlesthatinspiredastonishment），所以选D。58. Whatwastheresultofinvestigationontypesofarticlessentbyreaders?A) Generalsciencewasthemostpopular.B) Practicalinformationheldagreatshare.C) Newsfromthe Times tookaminorpart.D) Physicalsciencewasmoreoftenshared.√答案：D解析：文章第二段最后一句话提到，排在分享最前面的是有关鹿的视觉光物理的文章（You'dseearticlesshootingupthelistthatwereaboutthephysicsoflightofdeervision），所以选D。59. AccordingtoDr.Berger,whydidpeoplelovetoshareastonishment-inspiringarticles?A) Theyexpectedafurtherexplanationfromfriendsthroughthis. B) Theyintendedtolearnfromeachotherbydoingso.C) Theywantedtobecomeemotionallycloserbythismeans.√D) Theylovedtoshowofftheirspecialtastesinthisway.答案：C解析：文章第五段第二句话提到，人们分享这类文章的目的是为了进行情感上的沟通（They'reseekingemotionalcommunication），可以拉近彼此的距离（itwillbringusclosertogether），所以选A。60. Whatcanbeinferredfromthispassage?A) Informationofhealthmaintenancemightnotbesent.B) Thetheoryofinformationsharingmightremainthesame.C) Friendshipmightbeenhancedbysharingmessages.√D) Readers'lifemightbeenrichedwitharticleexchanges.答案：C解析：文章最后一段提到，人们可以通过分享信息达到情感沟通的目的，并能拉近彼此的距离。由此可以推断，人们可能会增进彼此的友谊，所以选A。 InhisStateoftheUnionaddress,PresidentObamaheldoutthehopeofmendingthemainlawoutliningthefederalroleinpublicschools,aslow-progressing45-year-oldlawthatdatestotheJohnsonadministration.   Butexpertssayitwouldbeaheavyliftfortheadministrationtogetthejobdonethisyearbecausethelawhasproducedsomanyconflicts,thereissolittletimeandtherearesomanycompetingpriorities.  In2001,whenCongresscompletedthelaw'smostrecentrewrite,theefforttookafullyear,andthebipartisan(两党的) agreement thatmadethatpossiblehaslongsinceshattered(破灭).Todaythereiswideagreementthatthelawneedstobemended,butnotonhowtofixitsshortcomings. SinceitwasrevisedintoitscurrentformbythesecondBushadministration—andrenamedNoChildLeftBehind—ithasgeneratedfrequentdebatewithdifferentopinions,partlybecauseitrequiresschoolstoapplytestswithafarmorestrictstandardandbecauseitlabelsschoolsthatfailtomakeprogressfastenougheachyearas"needingimprovement."Thatcategorydrawspenalties(处罚) andhasgrowntoincludemorethan30,000schools.  Severalstatessued(控告)theBushadministrationoverthelawinthelastdecade,unsuccessfully.Connecticutchallengeditsfinancingprovisions,sayingitimposedcostlydemandswithoutprovidingadequatefinancing.Arizonafoughtrulesonthetestingofimmigrantstudents.  "It'shardtoseehowtheycanget"arewritedone,saidJoelPacker,executivedirectoroftheCommitteeforEducationFunding."Ifthere's somebipartisanagreementaboutwhattheadministrationproposes,andtheRepublicanssay,'Wewanttoworktogether,' thenmaybe. ButIthinkit'sgoingtobetough." Duringthe2008campaignandhisfirstyearinoffice,PresidentObama'sattitudewaspopularwithalmosteveryone:thelawreflectsworthwhilegoalslikenarrowingtheachievementgapbetweenethnicminorityandwhitestudents,hesaid,butincludesweakprovisionsthatneedfixing.Onceanyrewritebeginsinearnest,however,Mr.Obamawillneedtosupportspecificchangesthatwillbeunpopularwithatleastsomegroups.61. WhatdidPresidentObamalookforwardtoaccordingtohisStateoftheUnionaddress?A) Heproposedtokeepthetraditionallawtomaintainthefederalstatusinschools.B) Hewishedtoestablishanewlawaboutpubliceducationinthecountry.C) Heintendedtobettertherelationshipbetweenthegovernmentandschools.D) Hewantedtomodifythepresentlawconcerningthegovernmentfunctioninpublicschools.√答案：D解析：文章第一段提到，总统希望能够修改现有的有关政府在公立学校中的职责的法律（PresidentObamaheldoutthehopeofmendingthemainlawoutliningthefederalroleinpublicschools），所以选C。62. Whatistheexperts'viewonObama'snewproposal? A) Itmayconfrontmanydifficulties.√B) Therewouldbemanycompetitivepartiesrefusingtodoit.C) Itwouldbeajobtoohardtobefinished.D) Theremightbeenoughtimetogetitfinished.答案：A解析：文章第二段第一句话提到。专家认为这不是一件轻松的事情（expertssayitwouldbeaheavyliftfortheadministrationtogetthejobdone），可见政府会面临很多的困难，所以选B。63. Accordingtothepassage,howwasthelawofeducationdeveloped?A) TherewrittenlawduringthesecondBushadministrationmadeagreatprogress.B) Themostrecentformofthelawreceiveddisagreementonthenecessityofmending.C) Itgotseveralrewritessuccessfullyinthepast45yearssinceitsestablishment.D) Itwasdevelopedslowlywithmendingdisagreementsfromdifferentparties.√答案：D解析：文章提到这部法律可以追溯到约翰逊政府时期，而且每一次的修订过程都很艰难，两党会有不同的看法。由此可见，这部法律是逐步的在调和两党不同意见的基础上发展起来的，所以选C。64. HowdidsomestatesreacttothelawduringthesecondBushadministration?A) Theyfoughtagainsttheadministrationsuccessfullywithalegalmethod. B) Theyshoweddoubttotheweaknessoffinancialsupportandastricttestingstandard.√C) Theysuccessfullyputthelawintoeffectinschools.D) Theydemandedmorefreedomaccordingtotherealsituations.答案：B解析：文章第五段第二句提到，有些州对这部法律提出质疑，声称政府制定了高额的要求，却没有提供足够的资金（Connecticutchallengeditsfinancingprovisions,sayingitimposedcostlydemandswithoutprovidingadequatefinancing），所以选A。65. Whatmighttherewrittenlawbringtopeople'slife?A) Moreagreementsbetweendifferentpartiesmightbeachievedduetotherewrite.B) Mr.Obamamightbecomeunpopularwithsomepeoplewhodisagreewiththerewrite.C) Itmaynarrowtheachievementgapbetweenstudentsofdifferenttypes.√D) Itmaybringmorefinancialsupporttoschoolsinordertoimprovetheeducationalquality.答案：C解析：文章第七段第一句提到，这部法律反映出了很多有价值的目标。例如缩小少数族裔孩子与白人孩子之间的学业差异（thelawreflectsworthwhilegoalslikenarrowingtheachievementgapbetweenethnicminorityandwhitestudents），所以选D。 Auctions(拍卖)arepublicsalesofgoods,conductedbyanofficiallyapprovedauctioneer.Heorsheaskstheassembledcrowdintheauctionroomtomakeoffers,or"bids",forthevariousitemsonsale.Heencouragesbuyerstobidhigherfigures,andfinallynamesthehighestbidderasthebuyerofthegoods.Thisiscalled"knockingdown"thegoods,forthebiddingendswhentheauctioneerbangsasmallhammeronatableatwhichhestands.Thisisoftensetonaraisedplatformcalledarostrum(讲坛).       TheancientRomansprobablyinventedsalesbyauction,andtheEnglishwordcomesfromtheLatin auctio,meaning"increase".TheRomansusuallysoldinthiswaythespoilstakeninwar;thesesaleswerecalled"sbuhasta",meaning"underthespear",aspearbeingstuckinthegroundasasignalforacrowdtogather.Inthe18thand19thcenturiesgoodswereoftensold"bythecandle";ashortcandlewaslitbytheauctioneer,andbidscouldbemadewhileitstayedalight(点亮的).       Practicallyallgoodswhosequalitiesvary canbe soldbyauction.Amongthesearecoffee,hides,skins,wool,tea,cocoa,furs,spices,fruitandvegetablesandwines.Auctionsalesarealsousualforlandand property,antiques,furniture,pictures,rarebooks,oldchinaandsimilarworksofart.TheauctionroomsatChristie'sandSotheby'sinLondonandNewYorkareworldfamous.       Anauctionisusuallyadvertisedbeforehandwithfullparticularsofthearticlestobesoldandwhereandwhentheycanbeviewedbypotentialbuyers.Iftheadvertisementcannotgivefulldetails,cataloguesareprinted,andeachgroupofgoodstobesoldtogether,calleda"lot",isusuallygivenanumber.Theauctioneerneednotbeginwithlot1andcontinueinnumericalorder.Hemaywaituntilheregistersthefactthatcertaindealersareintheroomandthenproducethelotstheyarelikelytobeinterestedin.Theauctioneer'sservicesarepaidforintheformofapercentageofthepricethegoodsaresoldfor.Theauctioneerthereforehasadirectinterestinpushingupthebiddingashighaspossible.        Eventhebestauctioneer,however,findsitdifficulttostopa"knock-out",wherebydealersillegallyarrangebeforehandnottobidagainsteachother,butnominateoneofthemselvesastheonlybidder,inthehopeofbuyinggoodsatextremelylowprices.Ifsucha"knock-out"comesoff,therealauctionsaletakesplaceprivatelyafterwardsamongthedealers. 56. Auctiongoodsaresold________whentheauctioneerbangsahammer.A) atapricehigherthantheirtruevalueB) onlyatafixedpriceC) atthehighestpriceoffered√D) atapriceneartheirtruevalue答案：C解析：根据第一段第三句得知，拍卖师鼓励买家报出更高的价格，出价最高的人将获得该拍卖品。所以A正确。57. Acandlewasusedtoburnatauctionsales________.A) tokeeptheauctioneerwarmB) becausetheytookplaceatnightC) tolimitthetimewhenofferscouldbemade√D) asasignalforthecrowdtogather答案：C解析：第二段最后一句指出，竞标在蜡烛燃烧期间进行，所以蜡烛的作用就是限定出价的时间。所以D正确。58. Anauctioncataloguegivespotentialbuyers________.A) freeadmissiontotheauctionsaleB) theorderinwhichgoodsmustbesoldC) detailsofthegoodstobesold√D) thecurrentmarketvalueofthegoods答案：C解析：第四段第二句提到，如果广告不能提供拍卖品的全部细节，就会印制目录，说明目录的作用就是提供拍卖品的详细情况。所以C正确。 59. WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrue?A) Anauctioneerpreferstogethighpricesforthegoodsbecausehethenearnsmorehimself.B) Whena"knock-out"isarranged,therealauctiondoesnottakeplaceamongthedealersuntilthe"knock-out"comesoff.C) Auctionscansellanythingthatwillmakemoney.√D) Acleverauctioneerencouragesrivalstocompeteinhighbidding.答案：C解析：第四段最后两句指出，拍卖师的酬金是以成交价格的一定的百分比来支付，所以拍卖师会尽可能地将出价抬高，因为这与其有直接的利益关系，所以A、B两项正确。全文最后一句指出，如果knock-out发生，真正的拍卖是在拍卖会结束后私下展开的，所以D正确。第四段列举了一些可以在拍卖会上拍卖的商品，但是选项中anything却过度推断了，即该选项错误，所以选C。60. Themainideaofthispassageis________.A) whatqualitiesasuccessfulauctioneershouldhaveB) theactualvalueofauctiongoodsC) thehistoryofauctionanditsoperation√D) theillegalthingshappeninginauctions答案：C解析：本文主要介绍了拍卖的历史及操作程序。所以D正确。   Thereismuchdiscussiontodayaboutwhethereconomicgrowthisdesirable.Atanearlierperiod,ourdesireformaterialwealthmayhavebeenjustified.Now,however,thisdesireformorethanweneedis causingseriousproblems.Eventhoughwehavegoodintentions,wemaybeproducingtoomuch,toofast.   Thosewhocriticizeeconomicgrowtharguethatwemustslowdown.Theybelievethatsocietyisapproachingcertainlimitsongrowth.Theseincludethefixedsupplyofnaturalresources,thepossiblenegativeeffectsofindustryonthenaturalenvironment,andthecontinuingincreaseintheworld'spopulation.Associetyreachestheselimits,economicgrowthcannolongercontinue,andthequalityoflifewilldecrease.   Peoplewhowantmoreeconomicgrowth,ontheotherhand,arguethatevenatthepresentgrowthratetherearestillmanypoorpeopleintheworld.These proponents ofeconomicgrowthbelievethatonlymoregrowthcancreatethecapitalneededtoimprovethequalityoflifeintheworld.Furthermore,theyarguethatonlycontinuedgrowthcanprovidethefinancialresourcesrequiredtoprotectournaturalsurroundingsfromindustrialization.   Thisdebateoverthedesirabilityofcontinuedeconomicgrowthisofvitalimportancetobusinessandindustry.Ifthosewhoargueagainsteconomicgrowtharecorrect,theproblemstheymentioncannotbe ignored.Tofindasolution,economistsandthebusinesscommunitymustpayattentiontotheseproblemsandcontinuediscussingthemwithoneanother.61. Accordingtothosewhoargueagainsteconomicgrowth,wemustslowdownforthefollowingreasonsEXCEPTthat________.A) thefixedsupplyofnaturalresourcesmarksapointbeyondwhichgrowthcannotcontinueB) ournaturalsurroundingsareindangerofbeingdestroyedbyindustryC) theworldpopulationiseverincreasingD) moreeffortsshouldbemadetoimprovethequalityofourmateriallife√答案：D解析：根据文章第二段列举的经济发展过快带来的问题，可判断A、B、C三项说法正确，而D选项并未提及，即不是人们反对经济发展的原因。所以选D。62. Thosewhowantmoreeconomicgrowthbelievethatcontinuedeconomicgrowth________.A) canprovidethesolutiontomanyofoursocialproblemstodayB) canprovideuswithmorenaturalresourcesforindustrializationC) canprotectourenvironmentfrombeingpollutedbyindustryD) isessentialtothewell-beingofsocietyasawhole√答案：D 解析：根据题干关键词moreeconomicgrowth定位第三段第二句，本句说明只有经济进一步增长，才能创造提高生活质量需要的资本，才能提供保护自然环境的财力。也就是说，经济增长提供了社会发展的物质基础。所以A正确。63. Wemayinferthat"proponents"(Para.3)mostprobablymeans________.A) argumentsinsupportofsomethingB) peoplewhoargueagainstsomethingC) argumentsagainstsomethingD) peoplewhoargueforsomething√答案：D解析：根据上下文，可知proponent的意思是“支持者”。在proponent前面出现these，指代的就是第三段第一句话里那些赞同经济增长的人。所以C正确。64. Thepassageismainlyabout________.A) thepresentdebateoneconomicgrowth√B) theimportanceofthedebateoneconomicgrowthC) thecontradictionbetweeneconomistsandthebusinesscommunityD) theadvantagesanddisadvantagesofeconomicgrowth答案：A解析：全文介绍了关于经济增长的不同观点。文章第一句话和最后一段第一句话可以说明文章的主旨。所以B正确。 65. Wemayinferfromthepassagethat________.A) theauthorisagainstcontinuedeconomicgrowthB) theauthorisverymuchworriedabouttheproblemscausedbycontinuedeconomicgrowthC) theauthordescribesthecaseasitis√D) theauthorisforcontinuedeconomicgrowth答案：C解析：全文一开始就指出，现在有很多关于经济增长是否合理的讨论；接着第二段和第三段分别介绍了反对与赞成经济增长的人的不同观点；最后一段讲述人们将继续讨论以找到解决方法。可见作者只是在客观地描述问题，并没有加入个人看法。所以A正确。