Assessing the Poverty and Vulnerability Impact of Micro-Credit in Bangladesh_A case study of BRAC书

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1、AssessingthePovertyandVulnerabilityImpactofMicro-CreditinBangladesh:AcasestudyofBRACHassanZaman1OfficeoftheChiefEconomistandSeniorVice-President(DECVP)TheWorldBank1IwouldliketothanktheConsultativeGrouptoAssistthePoorest(CGAP)forcommissioningthispaperasba

2、ckgroundmaterialfortheWDR2000/01.MostofthisworkwascarriedoutwhileworkinginBRAC’sResearchandEvaluationDivisionandasadoctoralstudentatSussex.IamgratefulforcommentsreceivedfromMushtaqueChowdhury(BRAC),MartinGreeley(UniversityofSussex),MichaelLipton(Universi

3、tyofSussex),MattiasLundberg(WorldBank),JonathanMorduch(HarvardUniversity),BarryReilly(UniversityofSussex),ShekharShah(WorldBank),ChristopherScott(LSE)onearlierversionsofthiswork.IwouldliketothanktheBRAC-ICDDR,BMatlabprojectinBangladeshforuseoftheirdata.S

4、ummaryfindingsThispaperexplorestherelationshipbetweenmicro-creditandthereductionofpovertyandvulnerabilitybyfocussingonBRAC,oneofthelargestmicro-creditprovidersinBangladesh.Themainargumentinthispaperisthatmicro-creditcontributestomitigatinganumberoffactor

5、sthatcontributetovulnerability,whereastheimpactonincome-povertyisafunctionofborrowingbeyondacertainloanthresholdandtoacertainextentcontingentonhowpoorthehouseholdistostartwith.Thisargumentisillustratedbycomplementingtheexistingliteraturewithsomeempirical

6、analysisofhouseholdsurveydatacollectedinBangladeshin1995.Consumptiondatafrom1072householdsisusedtoshowthatthelargesteffectonpovertyariseswhenamoderate-poorBRACloaneeborrowsmorethan10000taka($200)incumulativeloans.Anumberofpathwaysbywhichmicro-creditcanre

7、ducevulnerability,namelybystrengtheningcrisis-copingmechanisms(the1998floodinBangladeshisusedasacasestudy),buildingassetsand‘empowering’womenarediscussed.Datafrom1568womenareusedtoconstructsixteen‘femaleempowerment’indicatorsandtheempiricalanalysisthatfo

8、llowssuggeststhatmicro-credithasthegreatesteffectonfemalecontroloverassetsandalsoonherknowledgeofsocialissuescontrollingforahostofothercharacteristics.1.0IntroductionTheexistingevidenceontheimpactofmicro-creditonpovertyinB