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1、JiatongChangMURRAYSTATEUNIVERSITY THEINDUSTRIALREVOLUTION’SCAUSESANDCONSEQUENCESTheIndustrialRevolutionstartedinEnglandandchangedalottothewesternworld.TheIndustrialRevolution’stimeperiodisfrom1760sto1840s.ItstartedinEnglandandsoonspreadthroughEurope,andchangedpeople’slifestylesalotbythetechno
2、logyimprovements.TheIndustrialRevolutionfrom1760to1840hadtwomaincauses,improvedagricultureandpopulationincrease;andtheconsequenceswereimprovedqualityoflife,newsourcesofpower,bettertransportation,withthemostsignificantconsequencebeingmechanization.TheIndustrialRevolution’sonemaincausewasthedeve
3、lopmentinagriculture.Moreadvancedagriculturaltoolsandtechnologymadepeopleabletoproducefoodmoreefficiently.Agriculturalmachinesappearedin18thcentury,butmechanizationtookholdinthesecondhalfof19thcentury.PierPaoloPoggio,CarloSimoni.TheIndustrialRevolution:1800-1850.(Broomall,PA:ChelseaHousepublis
4、hers,2003)8.Thesedevelopmentsonlyappearedincountriesinwhichlandcouldeasilybeboughtandsold,butforthosecountriesinwhichfeudalcultureremained,thenewtechnologydidnotappearforalongtime.Ibid.,8.So,ifpeopledonotusenewtoolsinagriculture,theproductionoffoodwouldbeverylow,andthepopulationwouldnotbeincre
5、asedeither.Inthe17thcentury,“thehighnumberofbirthshadbeencompensatedforbyanequallyhighnumberofdeaths.”Ibid.,10.ThatwasbecauseofthelimiteduseofnewagriculturaltoolsbyfeudallordsIbid.,10..Thatalsomadepeopleveryweakfromplaguebecausetheywerehungry.Thenewwaysoftransportationandintheinternationalagri
6、culturalmarketbeginsinthe1850sresultinginagriculturalcrises.Aswecansee,theagriculturalmachineshelpedthefoodproductionincreaseandthepopulationtogrow,andtheincreasedpopulationalsoguaranteedthattheIndustrialrevolutionwouldoccur.PopulationincreasedirectlyledtotheIndustrialRevolution.“Theoutstandin
7、gfactabouttheIndustrialRevolutionisthatitopenedanageofmassproductionfortheneedsofthemasses.”BrendaStalcup.(eds.).TheIndustrialRevolution.(SanDiego,California:GreenhavenPresspublishers,2001.)147.Morepopulationproducedmorelabourer,mensupp
