100 Key AP Language Terms for MC 英语文学手法词汇

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1、Onthesetwopagesyouwillfindbriefdefinitionsof100grammatical,literary,andrhetoricaltermsthathaveappearedonthemultiple-choiceandessayportionsoftheAP©EnglishLanguageandCompositionexam.AdHominemAnargumentbasedonthefailingsofanadversaryratherthanonthemeritsoft

2、hecase;alogicalfallacythatinvolvesapersonalattack.AdjectiveThepartofspeech(orwordclass)thatmodifiesanounorapronoun.AdverbThepartofspeech(orwordclass)thatmodifiesaverb,adjective,orotheradverb.AllegoryExtendingametaphorsothatobjects,persons,andactionsinate

3、xtareequatedwithmeaningsthatlieoutsidethetext.AlliterationTherepetitionofaninitialconsonantsound.AllusionAbrief,usuallyindirectreferencetoaperson,place,orevent--realorfictional.AmbiguityThepresenceoftwoormorepossiblemeaningsinanypassage.AnalogyReasoningo

4、rarguingfromparallelcases.AnaphoraTherepetitionofthesamewordorphraseatthebeginningofsuccessiveclausesorverses.AntecedentThenounornounphrasereferredtobyapronoun.AntithesisThejuxtapositionofcontrastingideasinbalancedphrases.Aphorism(1)Aterselyphrasedstatem

5、entofatruthoropinion.(2)Abriefstatementofaprinciple.ApostropheArhetoricaltermforbreakingoffdiscoursetoaddresssomeabsentpersonorthing.AppealtoAuthorityAfallacyinwhichaspeakerorwriterseekstopersuadenotbygivingevidencebutbyappealingtotherespectpeoplehavefor

6、afamouspersonorinstitution.AppealtoIgnoranceAfallacythatusesanopponent'sinabilitytodisproveaconclusionasproofoftheconclusion'scorrectness.ArgumentAcourseofreasoningaimedatdemonstratingtruthorfalsehood.AssonanceTheidentityorsimilarityinsoundbetweeninterna

7、lvowelsinneighboringwords.AsyndetonTheomissionofconjunctionsbetweenwords,phrases,orclauses(oppositeofpolysyndeton).CharacterAnindividual(usuallyaperson)inanarrative(usuallyaworkoffictionorcreativenonfiction).ChiasmusAverbalpatterninwhichthesecondhalfofan

8、expressionisbalancedagainstthefirstbutwiththepartsreversed.CircularArgumentAnargumentthatcommitsthelogicalfallacyofassumingwhatitisattemptingtoprove.ClaimAnarguablestatement,whichmaybeaclaimoffact,value,orpolicy.ClauseAgro