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1、FrancisBacon(1561-1626)borninLondon,Englishphilosopher,statesman,scientist,juristandauthor.founderofmaterialistphilosophy.FatherofExperimentalscience.Bacons'Essays159710essays161238essays162558esssaysHeisoftercreditedwithhavinginventedtheessayforminEnglishliterature.CharacteristicsofBacon
2、’sEssaysBacon’sessaysarefamousfortheirbrevity,compactnessandpowerfulness.Theessaysarewell-arrangedandenrichedbyBiblicalallusions,metaphorsandcadence.Bacon'sTopicsambitionandangerbeautyandbuildingofgardendeathanddeformitylove,truth,friendship,marriageparentsandchildrenstudiesyouthandageric
3、hesreligionhealthandhonorfamousquotations(Beauty)isassummerfruits,whichareeasytocorrupt,andcannotlast.(friendship)redoublethjoys,andcuttethgriefsinhalves.(marriage)Wivesareyoungmen'smistress;compaionsformiddleages;andoldman'nurses.BaconOfStudyWhat’syourdefinitionofstudies?Whataretheyusedf
4、or?Whatisyourreadinghabit?Whatkindofreadinghabitdoyouthinkisthebest?Doyoubelieve“poetsmakemenwitty”asBaconsay?Howandwhy?Citeexamplestoprovethatdifferentbranchesofstudiesreallyimproveyourcharacter,andaddmorebranchesofstudiestofullydeveloptheidea.Giveapresentationofitsdiscussion,explainingt
5、hemainideasandtheorganizationoftheessay,andparaphrasingsomeimportantlines.Studiesservefordelight,forornament,andforability.Readinghasthreefunctions.Itdelightsyou;itbeautifiesyou;anditstrengthensyourability.Theirchiefusefordelightisinprivateness①andretiring;forornament,isindiscourse;andfor
6、ability,isinthejudgmentanddispositionofbusiness.Thedelightofreadingliesinyourprivatelifeandretirement.Thebeautifyingofreadingliesinhowyoutalktoothers.Thewayreadingstrengthensyourablityliesinyouractofjudging,howyouassessapersonorsituationoreventandhowyoudealwithit.privateness:privatelife,s
7、olitude,retreatdiscourse:conversationForexpertmencanexecute,andperhapsjudgeofparticulars,onebyone;butthegeneralcounsels,andtheplotsandmarshallingofaffairs,comebestfromthosethatarelearned.for:although,despiteexpertmen:menofpracticalexperienceAlthoughmenwithgreatexper
