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1、thMLAHandbookforwritersofresearchpapers(7edition)WhatisMLA?MLAisareferencetoolusedinsubjectareasfortheHumanities.Itprovidesextensiveguidelinesonhowtoformulateatopic,formataresearchpaper,citeparentheticaltextsandcompilealistofworkscitedinEnglishaswellasotherforeignlanguages.Other
2、usefulcapabilitiesincludedocumentingonlinesources,writingaquotefromane-mailreceivedorincorporatingabbreviationsinyourlistofreferences.Thereisalsoin-depthdiscussiononplagiarism.ParentheticalCitationsIngeneral,MLArequiresparentheticalcitations,orcitationsthatareputinparentheses,in
3、thetext,directlyfollowingthematerialthatisquoted,summarized,orparaphrased.1.Useaparentheticalcitationwhenreferencingworksofothers,followingaquotationfromasourceorparaphrasingasource’sideas.2.Intheauthor-pagemethod,useauthor’slastnameandpagenumber(s).Whenreferencingthesamepageora
4、differentpagebythesameauthorinaparagraphjustincorporatethepagenumber.3.Ifanauthorisunknown(forexample,withawebsource),useanabbreviatedversionofthework’stitleinquotesfollowedbythepagenumber.4.Tociteauthorswiththesamelastnames,includetheirfullnameorinitialsfollowedbythepagenumber.
5、5.Citingauthorswiththreeorfewerauthors,listtheauthors’lastnameswith‘and’beforethelastauthorcited.Whencitingmorethanthreeauthors,citethefirstauthor’slastnamefollowedbyetal.6.Uponcitingelectronicsources,filmorInternetsources,referencethesourceinin-textcitations.Sourcesshouldbeital
6、icized.7.Citethenameoftheentirebible,chapterandverse.E.g.(NewJerusalemBible,Ezek.1.5-10).NewandRevisedGuidelines1.MLAnowrequirestheinclusionofissueandvolumenumbersofjournalsinelectronicdatabases.•UseofItalics:Italicsmustbeusednowforthevolumeofapublication•In-textcitationsandtitl
7、esinlistofworkscitede.g.books,playspoemspublishedasbooks,pamphlets,periodicals,websites,databases,films,broadcasts,audiorecordings(compactdiscs,cassettes,albums)performances(danceoropera),musicalcompositions,worksofvisualart,andthenamesofvessels(ships,aircraft,spacecraft•theuseo
8、fforeignwordsinEnglishtext•Websiteandwebsitepub
