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1、GeorgeHubertMEADMindSelfandSocietyPartI:ThePointofViewofSocialBehaviorism1I.SOCIALPSYCHOLOGYANDBEHAVIORISMSOCIALpsychologyhas,asarule,dealtwithvariousphasesofsocialexperiencefromthepsychologicalstandpointofindividualexperience.ThepointofapproachwhichIwishtosuggestisthatofde
2、alingwithexperiencefromthestandpointofsociety,atleastfromthestandpointofcommunicationasessentialtothesocialorder.Socialpsychology,onthisview,presupposesanapproachtoexperiencefromthestandpointoftheindividual,butundertakestodetermineinparticularthatwhichbelongstothisexperienc
3、ebecausetheindividualhimselfbelongstoasocialstructure,asocialorder.Noverysharplinecanbedrawnbetweensocialpsychologyandindividualpsychology.Socialpsychologyisespeciallyinterestedintheeffectwhichthesocialgrouphasinthedeterminationoftheexperienceandconductoftheindividualmember
4、.Ifweabandontheconceptionofasubstantivesoulendowedwiththeselfoftheindividualatbirth,thenwemayregardthedevelopmentoftheindividual'sself,andofhisself-consciousnesswithinthefieldofhisexperience,asthesocialpsychologist'sspecialinterest.Thereare,then,certainphasesofpsychologywhi
5、chareinterestedinstudyingtherelationoftheindividualorganismtothesocialgrouptowhichitbelongs,andthesephasesconstitutesocialpsychologyasabranchofgeneralpsychology.Thus,inthestudyoftheexperienceandbehavioroftheindividualorganismorselfinitsdependenceuponthesocialgrouptowhichitb
6、elongs,wefindadefinitionofthefieldofsocialpsychology.Whilemindsandselvesareessentiallysocialproducts,productsorphenomenaofthesocialsideofhumanexperience,the(2)physiologicalmechanismunderlyingexperienceisfarfromirrelevant--indeedisindispensable--totheirgenesisandexistence;fo
7、rindividualexperienceandbehavioris,ofcourse,physiologicallybasictosocialexperienceandbehavior:theprocessesandmechanismsofthelatter(includingthosewhichareessentialtotheoriginandexistenceofmindsandselves)aredependentphysiologicallyupontheprocessesandmechanismsoftheformer,andu
8、ponthesocialfunctioningofthese.Individualpsychology,nevertheless,definitelyabstrac
