6.14 Microbial Degradation of Polychlorinated Biphenyls

《6.14 Microbial Degradation of Polychlorinated Biphenyls 》由会员上传分享，免费在线阅读，更多相关内容在学术论文-天天文库。

1、6.14MicrobialDegradationofPolychlorinatedBiphenylsBVanAkenandRBhalla,TempleUniversity,Philadelphia,PA,USA©2011ElsevierB.V.Allrightsreserved.6.14.1Introduction1526.14.2ChemistryandEnvironmentalFateofPCBs1536.14.2.1HistoryandSourcesofPCBs1536.14.2.2ChemicalandPhysicalPropertiesofPCBs1546.1

2、4.2.3EnvironmentalFateofPCBs1546.14.2.4ToxicityofPCBs1546.14.3BiodegradationofPCBsbyHigherOrganisms1556.14.3.1BiotransformationofPCBsbyMammals1556.14.3.2PhytoremediationofPCBs1566.14.3.3BiotransformationofPCBsbyFungi1566.14.4BacterialTransformationofPCBs1576.14.4.1RationalefortheMicrobia

3、lBiodegradationofXenobioticCompounds1576.14.4.2MineralizationversusCo-Metabolism1576.14.4.3BacterialDegradationofPCBs1586.14.4.4AnaerobicReductiveDechlorinationofPCBs1586.14.4.5AerobicOxidationofPCBs1606.14.4.6RegulationofEnzymesInvolvedinBacterialBiodegradationofPCBs1616.14.4.7Enantiose

4、lectiveBiodegradationofPCBs1616.14.5EngineeredSystemsforBacterialDegradationofPCBs1626.14.6GeneticallyModifiedBacteriaforPCBBiodegradation1626.14.7Conclusions164Acknowledgments164References165RelevantWebsites166GlossarycontaminantobservedinthetissuesincreaseswhenallelochemicalsThesearese

5、condarymetabolitesmovingupthefoodchaintohighertrophiclevels.producedbyplants,algae,bacteria,andfungithatBiomagnificationfrequentlyresultsinconcentrationofinfluencethegrowthanddevelopmentofothercontaminantsinthetissuesoforganismsattheupperorganisms.Allelochemicalscanhaveabeneficialorlevel

6、softhefoodchaintolevelsseveralordersofdetrimentaleffectonneighboringorganisms.magnitudehigherthantheenvironmentalconcentration.arylhydrocarbonreceptor(AhR)ItisacytosolicbiostimulationItistheadditionofnutrients,oxygen,ortranscriptionfactorandisusuallyinactive.Inthepresenceotherelectrondon

7、orandacceptorsintothesubsurfaceofaligand,suchasarylhydrocarbonorhalogenatedenvironmentforthepurposeofenhancingcompound(dioxinorPCB),itformsacomplex,whichbioremediationoforganiccontaminants.BiostimulationtranslocatesintonucleusandbindswiththeAhRnuclearresultsinanincreasein