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1、AutonomicCharacteristicsofGeneralizedAnxietyDisorderandWorryJulianF.Thayer,BruceH.Friedman,andThomasD.BorkovecAutonomiccharacteristicsofgeneralizedanxietydisorder(GAD)andworrywereexaminedusingmeasuresofheartperiodvariability.Thecardiorespiratoryresponsesof34GADclientsand32nonanxio
2、uscontrolsubjectswererecordedduringrestingbaseline,relaxation,andworryperiods.ResultsindicateddifferencesbetweenGADsubjectsandcontrolsaswellasamongbaseline,relaxation,andworryperiods.GADclientsexhibitedshortercardiacinterbeatintervals(IBis)andlowerhighfrequencyspectralpoweracrossa
3、lltaskconditions.Relativetobaselineandrelaxationconditions,worrywasassociatedwith(1)shorterIBis,(2)smallermeansuccessivedifferences(MSD)ofthecardiacIBis,and(3)lowerhighfrequencyspectralpower.ThesefindingssuggestthatGADanditscardinalfeature(worry),areassociatedwithlowercardiacvagal
4、control.ThefindingsofthepresentstudyprovideevidencefortheutilityoffurtherexplorationoftheroleofautonomicnervoussystemactivityinGAD.KeyWords:Generalizedanxietydisorder,worry,heartperiodvariability,spectralanalysis,vagusBIOLPSYCHIATRY1996;39:255-266Introductionintopanicdisorder(PD)a
5、ndgeneralizedanxietydisorder(GAD)onthebasisofKlein's(1964)observationofAnxietyisgenerallyassociatedwithavarietyofsomaticdifferentialresponsivitytodrugs.InDSM-III-RandsymptompatternsthoughttoreflectautonomicnervousDSM-IV(AmericanPsychiatricAssociation1987;1994),system(ANS)activity.
6、Traditionally,cardiovascularGADwasfurtherdefinedwithchronicworryasitscentralsymptomssuchasincreasedheartrateandheartpalpita-feature.tionshavebeenthehallmarkofchronicanxiety.DSM-IIIWhereastheautonomiccharacteristicsofPDhavebeen(AmericanPsychiatricAssociation1980)separatedthestudied
7、extensively(e.g.,Friedmanetal1993;Jacobandnow-outdateddiagnosticcategoryof"anxietyneurosis"Waldstein1991;Pohletal1990;Rothetal1986),relativelyfewstudieshaveexaminedtheautonomiccharacteristicsofGAD.Moreover,littleresearchhasbeenconductedonautonomicactivityduringworry.Giventheprimar
8、yroleofFromtheDepartmentsofPsycho
