COUPLED HEAT AND MOISTURE TRANSFER IN UNSATURATED SOIL FOR THE MODELING OF SHALLOW HORIZONTAL GROUND LOOPS

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1、COUPLEDHEATANDMOISTURETRANSFERINUNSATURATEDSOILFORTHEMODELINGOFSHALLOWHORIZONTALGROUNDLOOPSByRayWuAthesissubmittedinpartialfulfillmentoftherequirementsforthedegreeofMASTEROFSCIENCE(GEOLOGICALENGINEERING)AttheUNIVERSITYOFWISCONSIN-MADISON2013CoupledHeat

2、andMoistureTransferinUnsaturatedSoilfortheModelingofShallowHorizontalGroundLoops______________________________________StudentNameCampusIDNumberApproved___________________________dateJamesM.TinjumAssistantProfessoriEXECUTIVESUMMARYGround-sourceheatpumps

3、ystemswithshallowhorizontalgroundloopscanbeusedtoextractorrejectheatfromthegroundtoheatandcoolresidentialandcommercialbuildings.Comparedtotraditionalheatingandairconditioningsystems,theseground-sourceheatpumpsystemsaremoreenergyefficientandcosteffectiv

4、etooperate.However,majorbarriers,suchashighinitialcapitalcostsandlackofconsumerconfidenceinthebenefitsofthesystem,continuetolimitincreasedimplementation.Thesebarriersare,inpart,attributedtotheconservativedesignofthegroundloop.Thedesignprinciplesofgeoth

5、ermalgroundloopsarestraightforward;however,systemdesigniscomplicatedbythenumerousdesignparametersnecessarytocalculatethelengthofgroundloop.Previousstudieshavesuggestedthatthemostinfluentialdesignparameteristhethermalconductivityofthesoilsurroundingtheg

6、roundloop.Incurrentstate-of-practice,conservativeandconstantthermalpropertiesofthegroundformationintowhichthegroundloopwillbeinstalledareoftenestimatedorassumed.Asaconsequence,thegroundloopmaybeoversizedandtheentiresystemmaybeinefficientandmorecostlyto

7、installandoperate.Theuseofconservativeandconstantthermalpropertiesofsoilisjustifiedinthatthepropertiescanbedifficultandprohibitivelyexpensivetomeasure.However,theuseofconstantsoilpropertiesisunrepresentativeofactualconditionssincethebehaviorofsoilisexp

8、ectedtovarytemporallyandspatiallyduringoperationofthegroundloop.Furthermore,theuseofconservativesoilpropertiesisdisadvantageousbecauseoversizedgroundloopsareexpectedtoadverselyimpacttheperformanceandeconomiccompetitivenessofground-sourc