中考英语作文段落写作标准指导课件

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1、写好段落的三个标准一、段落的统一性一个段落应该只说明一个问题，或一个问题的某一方面；应该只叙述一件事情，或一件事情的某一个阶段。也就是说，一个段落内的各个句子必须从属于一个中心，任何游离于中心思想以外的句子都是不可取的。一个好的段落应该具有统一性。统一性就是一个中心思想统领整个段落。每个细节都应支持主题句，不应有无关的细节。为了支持主题，要尽可能多地提供细节，但又要避免滥用细节。下图是一个有统一性的段落的结构图。主题句(topicsentence）_______SupportingSentence1__________SupportingSentence2________________Sup

2、portingSentence3_____________________SupportingSentence4例文：Millionsofyearsago,AustraliawaslinkedtoAsiabyalandbridge.Thenanearthquakecausedthelandbridgetosink.Thesearushedin,andAustraliabecameanisland.Later,thisislandbecameaBritishcolony.Manyanimalsthatoncewanderedbackandforthacrossthelandbridgewerel

3、eftinAustralia.Andkangarooswereamongthem.Thoughtheywerekilledoffbylargeanimalsinotherplaces,theywereabouttosurviveinAustralia.这一段讲的是远古时期的澳大利亚，当时连人类都没有，但然不必提它后来沦为英国的殖民地的事了。此句应删掉。二、段落的完整性一个段落的主题思想靠发展句来实现，如果只有主题句而没有发展句来进一步交待和充实，就不能构成一个完整的段落。InmyEnglishstudy,Ihavemanydifficulties.Myfirstdifficultyisthat

4、myvocabularyisnotlarge.TheseconddifficultyIhaveisthatIcannotwritewell.Thethirddifficultyisthatmylisteningcomprehensionisnotgoodenough.NowIhaveaplantostudyEnglishwell.主题句：Ihavemanydifficulties.发展句：具体说明困难Myfirstdifficulty…;Theseconddifficulty…;Thethirddifficulty….结尾句：NowIhaveaplan…篇章结构：分析：本段落看似完整，有头有尾

5、。但由于缺少实质内容—即对学英语的困难的原因的分析，文章显得空洞无物；此外，结尾句讲到了plan,具体内容有没有交待，给人留下话好像没说完的感觉。修改如下：InmyEnglishstudy,Ihavemanydifficulties.Thefollowingaresomeofthem.Myfirstdifficultyisthatmyvocabularyisnotlarge.Asaresult,Icannotreadfastandunderstandwell.AsIamcomingtomiddleage,itisnotsoeasytokeepmanynewwordsinmindquickly.

6、过渡句分析词汇量小的害处进一步分析问题的原因TheseconddifficultyIhaveisthatIcannotwritewell.AsIhavebeenverybusywithmyworkwhichreallydoesn’tneedanyforeignlanguage,IseldomhaveachancetowritesomethinginEnglish.Thethirddifficultyisthatmylisteningcomprehensionisnotgoodenough.ThisisbecauseIhadlittletraininginlisteningwhileIwasat

7、college.造成这一问题的原因造成这一问题的原因Togetoverthesedifficulties,Ihaveworkedoutaplan.IplantoreadoneortwopagesofEnglish,suchasChinaDaily,21stCenturyEnglishorsomeeasynovels,inordertomemorizethewordsontheonehandandk