蛔钩蛲虫幻灯 (双语)

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1、第一篇医学蠕虫(MedicalHelminth)一、医学蠕虫定义(DefinitionofHelminth)借肌肉的伸缩而蠕动，故名蠕虫，与医学有关的蠕虫，被称为医学蠕虫。总论（Generality)土源性蠕虫：这类蠕虫在发育过程中不需要中间宿主，虫卵从终宿主排至外界，在土壤中发育为感染阶段，直接经口或皮肤感染新宿主。Soil-bornnematode：requirednointermediatehost总论（Generality)二、分类(Classification)生物源性蠕虫：在发育过程中必须有中间宿主，方能完成其生活史。其

2、幼虫必须经过在中间宿主体内的发育，才能感染新宿主。Bio-bornnematode：requiredintermediatehost总论（Generality)二、分类(Classification)Nematoda线虫Cestoda绦虫Trematoda吸虫医学蠕虫(MedicalHelminth)总论（Generality)形状体腔消化系统生殖系统发育阶段中间宿主危害性线虫成虫>幼虫线状/圆柱状原体腔有口有肛门雌雄异体卵-幼虫-成虫有/无形态生活史线虫纲概述(GeneralityforNematoda)土源性线虫：线虫纲概述(G

3、eneralityforNematoda)生物源性线虫旋毛形线虫(Trichinellasapiralis)丝虫（Filaria)线虫纲概述(GeneralityforNematoda)似蚓蛔线虫（蛔虫）AscarislumbricoidesClinicCaseA2yearsoldfemalechilddevelopedfever,chills,asthmaticattack（哮喘）and severedyspnea（呼吸困难）.Shedied5dayslater,duringthemedicalcareurgency. Thedi

4、agnosiswaspneumonia,associatedwithLoeffier'ssyndrome.Loeffier‘ssyndrome:cough,asthma（哮喘）,lowfever,biood-tingedsputumorhemoptysis（咯血）,chest-pain,inflammationshadowsinlungsunderX-ray.Thesemanifestationsgoonabout2weeks.Figure1:thealveolarlumenofthelung（肺泡腔）withlongitudina

5、lsections（纵切面）oftheA.lumbricoideslarvae,associatedwithpneumonia.(H&Ex200)ClinicCaseFigure2:thetransversalsections（横切面）oftheA.lumbricoideslarvae. Notetheintestine(central),pairedexcretorycolumnsandtwoproeminentlateralalae（侧线）(diagnosticaspects).Thecuticle（表皮）istransvers

6、elystriated.Thereisanintenseinfiltrationbyeosinophilicleukocytes（嗜酸性粒细胞）atthealveolarwall.(H&Ex400)ClinicCase似蚓蛔线虫（蛔虫）Ascarislumbricoides是种大型线虫，寄生于人体的小肠中引起蛔虫病，此病呈世界性分布，但发达国家的感染率明显较低，如美国为1%，而我国农村为90%AscarismorphologyadultShapeColorStructureofhead(×40)唇瓣lip乳突papillaeAs

7、carismorphologyadultStuctureoftail(×40)交合刺AscarismorphologyadultStructureofalimentarytract口ora食道gullet肠intestines直肠recta肛门anusAscarismorphologyadultFemalegenitalsystem子宫uterus输卵管oviduct卵巢overy生殖孔genitaloraAscarismorphologyadulttransversalsections角皮层cutinlayer皮下

8、层endermiclayer侧线lateralalae纵肌层transversalmusclelayer消化道alimentarytractAscarismorphologyadult受精蛔虫卵Fertilizedegg(×100