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1、Lesson1TheInjectionMoldingandMachin1.TheinjectionmoldingInjectionmoldingisprincipallyusedfortheproductionofthethermoplasticparts,althoughsomeprogresshasbeenmadeindevelopingamethodforinjectionmoldingsomethermosettingmaterials.Theproblemofinjectingameltedplast
2、icintoamoldcavityfromareservoirofmeltedmaterialhasbeenextremelydifficulttosolveforthermosettingplasticswhichcureandhardenundersuchconditionswithinafewminutes①.Theprincipleofinjectionmoldingisquitesimilartothatofdie-casting.Theprocessconsistsoffeedingaplastic
3、compoundinpowderedorgranularformfromahopperthroughmeteringandmeltingstagesandtheninjectingitintoamold②.Afterabriefcoolingperiod,themoldisopenedandthesolidifiedpartejected.Injection-moldingmachinescanbearrangedformanualoperation,automaticsingle-cycleoperation
4、,andfullautomaticoperation.Theadvantageofinjectionmoldingare:(i)ahighmoldingspeedadaptedformassproductionispossible;(ii)thereisawidechoiceofthermoplasticmaterialsprovidingavarietyofusefulproperties;(iii)itispossibletomoldthreads,undercuts,sideholes,andlarget
5、hinsections.2.Theinjection-moldingmachineSeveralmethodsareusedtoforceorinjectthemeltedplasticintothemold.Themostcommonlyusedsysteminthelargermachinesisthein-linereciprocatingscrew,asshowninFigure1-1.Thescrewactsasacombinationinjectionandplasticizingunit.Asth
6、eplasticisfedtotherotatingscrew,itpassesthroughthreezonesasshown:feed,compression,andmetering.Afterthefeedzone,thescrew-flightdepthisgraduallyreduced,forcingtheplastictocompress.Theworkisconvertedtoheatbyshearingtheplastic,makingitasemifluidmass.Inthemeterin
7、gzone,additionalheatisappliedbyconductionfromthebarrelsurface.Asthechamberinfrontofthescrewbecomesfilled,itforcesthescrewback,trippingalimitswitchthatactivatesahydrauliccylinderthatforcesthescrewforwardandinjectsthefluidplasticintotheclosedmold③.Anantiflowba
8、ckvalvepreventsplasticunderpressurefromescapingbackintothescrewflights.Theclampingforcethatamachineiscapableofexertingispartofthesizedesignationandismeasuredintons.Arule-of-thumbcanbeusedtodeter
