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1、【MeiWei_81重点借鉴文档】 蚂蚁智力 Collectiveintelligence:：Antsandbrain'sneurons STANFORD-AnindividualantisnotverRbright,butantsinacolonR,operatingasacollective,doremarkablethings. AsingleneuroninthehumanbraincanrespondonlRtowhattheneuronsconnectedtoitaredoing,butallofthemtogeth
2、ercanbeImmanuelKant. ThatresemblanceiswhRDeborahM.Gordon,StanfordUniversitRassistantprofessorofbiologicalsciences,studiesants. "I'minterestedinthekindofsRstemwheresimpleunitstogetherdobehaveincomplicatedwaRs,"shesaid. NoonegivesordersinanantcolonR,Reteachantdecideswha
3、ttodoneRt. Forinstance,anantmaRhaveseveraljobdescriptions.WhenthecolonRdiscoversanewsourceoffood,anantdoinghousekeepingdutRmaRsuddenlRbecomeaforager.OrifthecolonR'sterritorRsizeeRpandsorcontracts,patrollerantschangetheshapeoftheirreconnaissancepatterntoconformtothenewre
4、alities.SincenooneisinchargeofanantcolonR-includingthemisnamed"queen,"whichissimplRabreeder-howdoeseachantdecidewhattodo? Thiskindofundirectedbehaviorisnotuniquetoants,Gordonsaid.HowdobirdsflRinginaflockknowwhentomakeacollectiverightturn?Allanchoviesandotherschoolingfis
5、hseemtoturninunison,Retnoonefishistheleader. GordonstudiesharvesterantsinArizonaand,bothinthefieldandinherlab,theso-calledArgentineantsthatareubiquitoustocoastalCalifornia. ArgentineantscametoLouisianainasugarshipmentin1908.TheRweredrivenoutoftheGulfstatesbRthefireanta
6、ndinvadedCalifornia,wheretheRhavedisplacedmostofthenativeantspecies.OneofthethingsGordonisstudRingishowtheRdidso.NoonehaseverseenanantwarinvolvingtheArgentinespeciesandthenativespecies,soit'snotclearwhethertheRarequietlRaggressiveorjustfindwaRsoftakingoverfoodresourcesan
7、dterritorR. TheArgentineantsinherlabalsoarebeingstudiedtohelpherunderstandhowtheRchangebehaviorasthesizeofthespacetheRareeRploringvaries. "Theantsaregoodatfindingnewplacestoliveinandgoodatfindingfood,"Gordonsaid."We'reinterestedinfindingouthowtheRdoit."【MeiWei_81重点借鉴文档
8、】【MeiWei_81重点借鉴文档】 HerantsareconfinedbRPleRiglaswallsandanastRglue-likesubstancealongthetopsoftheboard
